Nzira dzeKudyisa Antena dzeMicrostrip: Mhando uye Sarudzo

Chii chinonzi Microstrip Antenna Feed?

Chinopa feed chinobatanidza RF source kana receiver kune radiating patch uku chichishandura system impedance kune antenna input impedance. Mukugadzira kwakakodzera, feed chikamu cheantenna pane kuva chinhu chakasiyana. Geometry yayo inoshandura current distribution, resonant frequency, return loss, usingable bandwidth uye isingadiwe radiation.

Ma microstrip antenna feeds anowanzo kamurwa kuita nzira dzekubatana zvakananga uye nzira dzekubatanidza electromagnetically. Ma microstrip line uye coaxial probe feeds zvinobata zvakananga nemagetsi pachigamba. Ma Aperture-coupled uye probed-coupled feeds anotamisa simba kuburikidza ne electromagnetic coupling uye anowanzo shandisa substrate layer dzinopfuura imwe chete.

Nzira Ina Dzinokosha Dzekudya dzeMicrostrip Antenna

1. Microstrip Line Feed

Mu microstrip line feed, tambo yekutumira yakadhindwa yakabatana zvakananga nepatch. Tambo nepatch zvinogona kugadzirwa pane substrate imwe chete muPCB imwe chete, zvichiita kuti nzira iyi ive nyore, isina kutaridzika zvakanaka uye yakakodzera kugadzirwa kwemutengo wakaderera uye akawanda ma arrays akadhindwa.

Kufananidza kweImpedance kunogona kugadziriswa nekushandura upamhi hwe feed-line, uchishandisa inset, kuwedzera quarter-wave transformer kana kugadzirisa makungano ari pakati pe line ne patch. Muganho mukuru ndewekuti feed line inoburitsawo. Mwaranzi iyi yenhema inogona kukanganisa cross-polarization uye radiation pattern, kunyanya kana substrate iri gobvu kana kuti network ye feed yakareba.

2. Kudyisa Chinoongorora Coaxial

Chinofambisa checoaxial probe chinopfuura nepasi pevhu nepasi pevhu. Chinofambisa chekunze checoaxial chakabatana nepasi pevhu, ukuwo chinofambisa chemukati chakabatana nechigamba. Kufambisa nzvimbo yeprobe kunopa nzira iri nyore yekusarudza resistance yekupinda yaunoda pasina kudhinda tambo yekudyisa pamusoro pechiedza.

Nzira iyi inopa nzvimbo inochinjika yekudyisa uye kazhinji ine mwaranzi shoma yekudyisa, asi inoda kuboorwa uye kubatana kwemagetsi kwakavimbika. Probe refu inoburitsa inductance, saka mashandiro anogona kuipa nemagetsi akakora kana pamafrequencies akakwira. Saka geometry yeconnector, vhoriyamu yekudyisa uye kushivirira kwekugadzira zvinofanirwa kuiswa mumuenzaniso wekupedzisira.

3. Chikafu chakabatanidzwa neAperture

Chikafu chakabatana neaperture chinoisa tambo yekutumira pasi pepasi penyika uye chigamba chiri pamusoro pacho. Simba rinopfuura nepaburi riri pasi penyika. Nekuti pasi penyika rinoparadzanisa network yekudya kubva pachigamba chinopenya, urongwa uhwu hunopa kupatsanurwa kwakanaka kwekudya kubva kune radiator uye hunogona kuderedza mwaranzi isingadiwe yekudya.

Zviyero zvesloti, nzvimbo yesloti, stub yefeed-line, ukobvu hwesubstrate uye dielectric constants zvese zvinokanganisa kubatana uye kuenderana. Kubatanidza kweAperture kunogona kutsigira bandwidth yakakura kupfuura ma direct feeds mazhinji, asi kunoda chimiro che multilayer uye kurongeka kwakarurama pakati pemutsara, slot uye patch.

4. Nzvimbo yekudyara iri pedyo

Muchikafu chakabatana pedyo, chinonziwo chikafu chakabatana nemagetsi, mutsetse we microstrip unoiswa pasi pechikafu woparadzaniswa nacho ne dielectric layer. Mutsetse wacho unopindirana nechikamu chechikafu, uye simba rinopfuudzwa kuburikidza ne electromagnetic field. Hapana kubatana kwemagetsi zvakananga uye hapana nzvimbo iri pasi.

Kureba kwekubatana, nzvimbo yemutsetse, hunhu hwe substrate uye ukobvu hwe layer zvinodzora coupling. Nzira iyi inogona kupa broad impedance bandwidth uye low spirious radiation, asi chimiro che layer chine layer mbiri chakakora uye chinonyatsonzwa kuenderana uye kushivirirana kwe bonding.

Kuenzanisa Nzira dzeKudyisa dzeMicrostrip Antenna

Nzira yekudyisa	Kugona kwebandwidth kwakajairika	Kugadzira	Mwaranzi yekudyisa / kupatsanurwa	Zvakakodzera zvakanyanya
Mutsetse we microstrip	Yakatetepa kusvika pakati nepakati	PCB iri nyore, ine jira rimwe chete	Mimwe mitsetse yekudyara	Magadzirirwo akadhindwa uye ma arrays asina kunyanya kudhura, uye asingadhuri
Chinoongorora cheCoaxial	Yakatetepa kusvika pakati nepakati	Kuboorera uye kubatana kwakamira	Mwaranzi yakaderera yekudya	Kugadzirisa nzvimbo yekudyisa ine chinhu chimwe chete
Aperture-yakabatana	Pakati nepakati kusvika pakafara	Multilayer ine slot alignment	Kuzviparadzanisa kwekudya zvakanaka	Magadzirirwo anoda kuparadzaniswa uye bandwidth yakakura
Yakabatana pedyo	Yakafara	Multilayer ine kurongeka kwepakati	Mwaranzi yakaderera yekunyepedzera	Magadzirirwo eBroadband uko ukobvu hwakawedzerwa hunogamuchirwa

Aya ndiwo magadzirirwo anoenderana, kwete vimbiso yekushanda kwakasimba. Chimiro chechigamba, kurasikirwa kwesubstrate, dielectric constant, ukobvu, frequency, urefu hwefeed-network uye kushivirira kwekugadzirwa zvinogona kuchinja mhedzisiro.

Maitiro Ekusarudza Nzira Yakakodzera Yekudyisa

• Bandwidth inodiwa:Kudyisa zvakananga kunowanzo kukwana kune masisitimu ebhandi rakamanikana. Kubatanidza kwenzvimbo kana pedo kunogona kusarudzwa kana bandwidth yakakura ye impedance iri chinhu chikuru chinodiwa.
• Kuwanda kweProfile uye layer:Chikafu chinogadzirwa ne microstrip chinoita kuti chigadzike chive chakatetepa uye chiri nyore kugadzira. Chikafu chinosanganiswa chinoda mamwe ma layer uye kurongeka.
• Kuchena kwemwaranzi:Kana mwaranzi yefeed-network kana kupatsanurwa kubva kumberi kuenda kumashure kwakakosha, chimiro chakabatana ne aperture chinogona kuparadzanisa feed kubva pachigamba.
• Kubatanidzwa kweArray:Manetwork e microstrip akadhindwa akanakira ma arrays, asi kurasikirwa kwemutsara uye mwaranzi inopararira inowedzera sezvo network ichireba. Kurongeka kwemakambani uye amplitude/phase tolerance zvinofanirwa kuongororwa pamwe chete.
• Kuwanda uye kushivirira:Pama frequency ema millimeter-wave, kushanduka kwe connector, etching tolerance, substrate thickness uye registration errors zvinova zvakakosha pamagetsi.
• Simba uye miganhu yekupisa:Kurasikirwa kwemuchina wekufambisa magetsi, kupisa kwe dielectric, huwandu hwemagetsi anobatana uye huwandu hwemagetsi ari mundima zvinofanirwa kuongororwa kuti uone huwandu hwemagetsi anodiwa.
• Mutengo uye kugona kudzokororwa:Dhizaini ine bandwidth yakanakisa yekutevedzera ingasave sarudzo yakanakisa yekugadzira kana ichida kubatana kwakaoma kana kurongeka kwakasimba kwezvikamu zvakawanda.

Maitiro Ekusarudza Nzvimbo Yekupa Chipo cheCoaxial Probe

Nzvimbo chaiyo yekutsvagisa ndiyo nzvimbo inoratidza target input impedance uku ichinakidza mode yaunoda ne cross-polarization inogamuchirika. Haifanirwe kusarudzwa otomatiki panzvimbo yepatch center, nzvimbo yepamusoro yemagetsi kana nzvimbo yepamusoro yemagetsi.

Kune chigamba chekare cherectangular chinoshanda nenzira yaro yekutanga, resistance yekupinda inowanzo kuve yakakwira pedyo nemucheto unopenya uye inoderera sezvo feed ichifamba ichienda pakati nepakati pe resonant dimension. Nzvimbo ye50-ohm inowanzo kuwanikwa pakati pemucheto nepakati. Nzvimbo chaiyo inoenderana nehukuru hwechigamba, hunhu hwe substrate, dhayamita yeprobe, ground plane, connector uye zvivakwa zviri pedyo.

1. Tanga nehukuru hwechigamba kuti uwane frequency inodiwa ye resonant uye polarization.
2. Isa probe pamutsetse wakakodzera wekuenzanisa kuti ubatsire kumutsa modhi yaunoda uye kuderedza minda yakapatsanurwa.
3. Tsvaira offset kubva kumucheto unopenya uchishandisa electromagnetic model ine mafungu akazara kusvika target impedance nekurasikirwa nekudzoka kwasvika.
4. Isa coaxial transition, probe inductance, solder pad, finite ground plane, enclosure uye radome kana zviri chikamu chekupedzisira.
5. Gadzira modhi yekushivirira ukobvu hwe substrate, dielectric constant, etching uye kukanganisa kwenzvimbo yekudyisa.
6. Simbisa antenna yakagadzirwa uchishandisa calibrated vector network analyzer uye gadzirisa chete mushure mekuenzanisa zviyero uye simulation reference planes.

Kuongororwa Kwekugadzira Nekuyera

Kugadziriswa kwezvekudya kunofanirwa kusimbiswa neS-parameter inopfuura imwe chete. Ongororo yakazara inowanzo sanganisira:

• Kuwanda kweResonant, S11, kurasikirwa nekudzoka, VSWR uye bandwidth ye impedance.
• Kupindira kwechokwadi uye kwekufungidzira kwekupinda mukati mebhendi rekushanda.
• Kushanda zvakanaka kwese, kuwedzera kwakawanikwa uye kurasikirwa kwemuchina/dielectric.
• Mapatani emwaranzi ane polarized uye cross-polarized muzvikamu zvikuru.
• Chiyero chepamberi nepamusana, marobhoti eparutivi uye kukanganisa kwepatani kunokonzerwa nekudyisa kana chinobatanidza.
• Kupararira kuripo uye humbowo hwemafungu epamusoro asina kurongeka kana nzira dzepamusoro.
• Kushanda zvakanaka pasi pekupisa kunotarisirwa, radome, imba, nzira yekufambisa tambo uye mamiriro ekuisa.

Mashandisirwo

Ma antenna e microstrip nema arrays anoshandiswa muma terminals ekutaurirana asina waya, satellite uye michina yekufamba, radar sensors, telemetry, aerospace platforms, test systems uye compact embedded RF products. Magadzirirwo e feed anofanirwa kusarudzwa zvichienderana nezvinodiwa chaizvo zve system: feed yakadhindwa iri nyore inogona kunge yakakodzera compact narrowband unit, nepo feed yakabatana inogona kunge yakakodzerwa ne bandwidth yakakura kana kupatsanurwa kwakasimba.

Mibvunzo Inowanzo bvunzwa

Ndeipi nzira yekudyisa antenna ye microstrip iri nyore?

Kudya kwe microstrip line kunowanzova nyore nekuti mutsetse nepatch zvinogona kudhindwa pane substrate imwe chete. Zviri nyore kubatanidza ne network yekudya yakarongwa, kunyange zvazvo mwaranzi yekudya inofanira kudzorwa.

Ndeipi nzira yekudyisa inopa bandwidth yakakura kwazvo?

Mafeed akabatana nepedyo uye akabatana neaperture anowanzo kupa bandwidth yakakura kupfuura mafeed akananga. bandwidth chaiyo ichiri kutsamira pane antenna geometry yakazara uye substrate stack.

Ndeipi nzvimbo yekudya inopa mukana wakanakisisa wekuparadzaniswa nepachigamba chinopenya?

Kubatanidza maburi kunoita kuti pave nekupatsanurwa kwakasimba kwechimiro nekuti puranga repasi rinoparadzanisa mutsetse wekudyisa kubva pachigamba. Kubuda kweslot uye mwaranzi yekumashure zvichiri kufanira kuongororwa.

Ko nzvimbo yekudyisa inochinja frequency ye resonant here?

Chinangwa chayo chikuru ndechekufananidza impedance, asi probe kana mutsetse wacho zvinokanganisawo minda yemagetsi. Ma probe makuru, ma probe marefu, coupling yakasimba kana feed iri pedyo nenzvimbo yemunda inonzwisisika zvinogona kushandura resonance pamwe ne input impedance.

Ndeupi musiyano uripo pakati pekudyisa nekufananidza impedance?

Kudya kunotsanangura kuti simba reRF rinoendeswa sei kuchigamba. Kufananidza Impedance inzira yekuita kuti antenna input ienderane netambo yekutumira, inowanzoita 50 ohms. Nzvimbo yekudya uye geometry zvinhu zvakakosha zvinoenderana, asi mamwe ma transformer, ma inset, stubs kana ma network anoenderana anogona kushandiswawo.

Mhedziso

Kusarudza microstrip antenna feed chisarudzo chesystem-level. Microstrip line uye coaxial probe feeds zvinotsigira nyore uye kugadzirisa zvakananga, nepo aperture uye probety coupling zvichipa solitation yakasimba kana bandwidth yakakura pamutengo wekuwedzera layers uye kudzorwa kwakasimba kwekugadzira. Kushanda kwekupedzisira kunofanirwa kugara kuchisimbiswa ne full-wave simulation, tolerance analysis uye calibrated measurement.

Zvinokurudzirwa nezveChigadzirwa cheMicrostrip Antena

Ongorora RF MISOzvigadzirwa zvekanyanga zve microstrippazasi, kanataura nechikwata chedu cheinjiniyakukurukura nezvehuwandu hwema frequency, gain, polarization, interface uye integration requirements.