Mufananidzo 1. Nzvimbo dzemabhero makuru nedzepadivi dzinoshandiswa kutsanangura kushanda zvakanaka kwebhero reantenna.
Chii chinonzi Antenna Beam Efficiency?
Kushanda zvakanaka kwedanda reAntena, inonziwo main-beam efficiency, chikamu chesimba rose reradiation reantenna rinowira munzvimbo yakatarwa ye main-beam. Inopindura mubvunzo wekugadzira unoshanda: ingani radiation iripo yakatarisana nechikamu che angular chaunoda pachinzvimbo chekugoverwa mu sidelobes ne back lobe?
Kune antenna inogamuchira, kudzokorodza kunobvumira pfungwa imwecheteyo kuti ionekwe sechikamu chesimba rinogamuchirwa rinounganidzwa kuburikidza nedanda guru kana nzvimbo yakapoteredza nemamiriro epolarization zvichitsanangurwa nguva dzose. Saka kushanda zvakanaka kwedanda kunobatsira zvikuru muradar, radiometry, satellite links, point-to-point microwave systems uye antenna measurement, uko simba rinobva kana kubva kuenda kunzira dzisingadiwi rinogona kuderedza kururama kana kuwedzera kupindira.
MuMufananidzo 1, chikamu chikuru chiri pakati pe z-axis. Kana kona yekoni iri θ1Chinoratidza muganhu wekutanga we "null" kana mumwe muganhu we "main-beam boundary" wakatarwa zvakajeka, kushanda zvakanaka kwe "beam" kunoverengerwa nekubatanidza "power pattern" mukati me "cone" iyoyo uye kuiparadzanisa nesimba rakabatanidzwa pamusoro pe "radiation pattern" yakazara.
Fomura yeKushanda Nemabheya eAntena
Kushandisa pateni yesimba yakajairwa Pn(θ,φ), kutaura kwekushanda zvakanaka kwemwaranzi kunoratidzwa pazasi:
Nhamba yacho inomiririra simba riri mukati mekona yakasarudzwa yedanda guru, ΩMB. Denominator inomiririra simba rese rakaiswa nemwaranzi rakabatanidzwa pamusoro pe4π steradians. Kukosha kunobuda, ηB, haina chiyero uye inowanzo taurwa sechikamu.
- Pn(θ,φ)ndiyo patani yesimba yakajairwa. Kana data remagetsi rakayerwa rikashandiswa, izwi resimba rinoenderana rinoenderana ne |E|2.
- ΩMBinzvimbo huru yakatarwa, inowanzo ganhwa ne nulls dzekutanga kana nekona yekoni yakatsanangurwa.
- θ uye φndiwo ma "elevation" uye "azimuth coordinates" anoshandiswa kutsanangura pateni yakazara yemwaranzi.
Muganhu wedanda guru unofanira kugara uchitaurwa nemhedzisiro yacho. Marabhoritari maviri anogona kuwana nhamba dzakasiyana kubva papateni imwe chete kana imwe ikabatana ne null yekutanga nepo imwe ichishandisa kona yakagadzika yekona. Kune danda repenzura rinenge rakafanana, kubatanidzwa kunogona kuitwa nyore sezvinoratidzwa muchirevo chinotevera.
Kushanda zvakanaka kweAntenna Beam Kunoyerwa Sei?
Kushanda zvakanaka kwemwenje kunowanikwa kubva padata reradiation-pattern pane kubva pakuverenga kamwe chete kweboresight. Nzvimbo yekure kure yakaganhurirwa, nzvimbo yekuyedza antenna, kana system yepedyo ine shanduko yefar-field yakagadziriswa inogona kushandiswa. Kune maphased arrays, kuyerwa kunofanirwa kudzokororwa kune yega yega mamiriro ebeam anodiwa, frequency uye polarization nekuti scanning uye amplitude kana phase errors zvinogona kugovera simba zvakare muma sidelobes.
- Yera maitiro emwaranzikufukidza kwakakwana kwekona kusanganisira danda guru, marobho epadivi uye goko rekumashure.
- Chinja munda wakayerwa kuita pateni yesimbauye shandisa maitiro akafanana kune ese angular samples.
- Tsanangura muganhu wedanda guru, senge contour yekutanga isina chinhu kana kona yakatarwa yekoni.
- Batanidza simba riri mukati memuganhu iwoyowoiparadzanisa nesimba rakabatanidzwa pamusoro pemapatani ese.
- Taura mamiriro ebvunzo, kusanganisira frequency, polarization, beam state, angular resolution uye tsananguro yemuganhu.
Kucheka kweE-plane neH-plane kwemativi maviri kunogona kuratidza hunhu hwebeamwidth nesidelobe, asi hazviwanzo kupa kukosha kwakakwana kwebeam-efficiency kunze kwekunge rotational symmetry yasimbiswa. Data remapatani akazara kana akakwana anopa mhedzisiro inodzivirirwa zvakanyanya. Dzidza zvakawanda nezveRF MISO'skugona kwekuyedza antenna.
Kushanda Nemabhero vs. Mamwe Magwaro Ekushanda NemaAntena
Kushanda Nesimba reMatanda vs. Kushanda Nesimba reMwaranzi
Kushanda zvakanaka kwemwaranziinoenzanisa simba rinopfuudzwa nesimba rinogamuchirwa neantenna uye nokudaro inoratidza kurasikirwa kwemuchina wekufambisa magetsi nemagetsi.Kushanda zvakanaka kwedandainotsanangura kwainoenda simba rinopfuudzwa. Antena inogona kurasikirwa zvishoma mukati asi iine simba shoma remwenje kana simba rakawanda rikaonekwa mumativi kana kumashure.
Kushanda Nesimba reBeam vs. Kutungamira uye Kuwana
Kutungamirainotsanangura huwandu hwepamusoro hwepatani yemwaranzi kana tichienzanisa neradiator ye isotropic. Gain inosanganisa kutungamira nekushanda zvakanaka kwemwaranzi, nepo kuwanikwa kwegain kuchikonzerawo kusawirirana kweimpedance. Kushanda zvakanaka kwebeam kwakasiyana nekuti kunobatanidza simba munzvimbo ine kona pane kungoongorora chete kutungamira kwepamusoro.
Kushanda Nesimba reBeam vs. Beamwidth
Upamhi hwehafu-simba remabheya ndiwo upamhi hwekona huri pakati pe -3 dB points ye lobe huru. Danda rakamanikana rinowanzo perekedza kutungamira kwakakwirira, asi hariratidzi kushanda zvakanaka kwedanda. Patani inogona kuva ne peak yakamanikana uye ichiri kutumira simba rakawanda mu sidelobes. Saka nhanho ye beamwidth ne sidelobe inofanira kuongororwa pamwe chete ne integrated beam-efficiency value.
Chii Chinodzora Kushanda NemaAntena Beam?
1. Mazinga eSidelobe neBack-Lobe
Simba riri kunze kwenzvimbo yedanda guru rakasarudzwa rinoderedza kushanda zvakanaka kwedanda. Makona akareba anogona kukonzerwa nekusagona kuvhura, nzvimbo yekuisa mabara, zvikanganiso zvehukuru kana chimiro chekuvhenekesa chisina kugadziriswa kuti chienderane nepatani inodiwa. Mwaranzi yekumashure uye kupararira kubva muzvivakwa zviri pedyo zvinogona kuva nemigumisiro yakafanana.
2. Kupenya kweAperture uye Amplitude Taper
MaAperture antennas nema arrays anoshandisa amplitude distribution mu radiating aperture. Kupararira kwakafanana kunogona kugadzira main beam yakamanikana uye high directionivity, asi kunogonawo kugadzira sidelobes dzakakwirira. Kushandisa amplitude taper kunogona kudzvinyirira sidelobes uye kuisa simba rakawanda remapateni munzvimbo yaunoda, kunyangwe taper yakawandisa inogona kuwedzera main beam uye kuderedza peak gain kana aperture efficiency. Saka nzvimbo yakanakisisa ndeyekuchinjana application-specific.
3. Kuyerera kwemvura inoyerera uye kuvharika kwechivako
Mune antenna yereflector, simba rinopotsa reflector rinobuda uye haribatanidzi danda guru rinodiwa. Zvinotsigira feed, subreflector kana hardware iri pedyo zvinogonawo kuvhara kana kuparadzira chikamu chemunda wekuvhura. Kusarudzwa kwefeed kwakakodzera, nzvimbo yekutarisa uye kurongeka kwemechanical zvinobatsira kudzora kurasikirwa uku uye lobes dzisingadiwe.
4. Zvikanganiso zvePhase, Amplitude uye Surface
Kusawirirana kwezvikamu pakati pezvinhu zve array, kurasikirwa kwekudya kusina kuenzana, kushivirira kugadzirwa, kukanganisa kwenzvimbo ye reflector uye kukanganiswa kwe radome zvinogona kufambisa simba kubva pamwaranzi waunoda. Izvi zvinowanzova zvakakosha sezvo frequency ichiwedzera nekuti kukanganisa kwakagadzika kunomiririra chikamu chikuru chewavelength.
5. Kuchena kwePolarization
Dzimwe tsananguro dzekushanda zvakanaka kwemwaranzi dzinosanganisira simba chete mu polarization inodiwa. Mwaranzi inoyambuka-polarized mukati kana kunze kwemwaranzi huru inogona kuderedza kukosha kwakataurwa. Polarization inofanira kutsanangurwa nguva dzose mukuenzanisa, kuyerwa uye zvinodiwa zvesystem.
Kushanda Nesimba reBeam, Beamwidth neBandwidth Zvakasiyana
Kushanda zvakanaka kwedandainobatanidza simba rekona.Upamhi hwemwenjeinotsanangura upamhi hwekona huru padanho rakatarwa, kazhinji kacho ipoinzi dzehafu-simba kana -3 dB.Bandwidth yekanyangainotsanangura huwandu hwema frequency ayo zvinodiwa zvakasarudzwa zvinozadzikiswa. Ma parameter aya ane simba kune mumwe nemumwe, asi haachinjiki.
Dhizaini inogona kuchengetedza VSWR inogamuchirika pahuwandu hwakakura hwema frequency ukuwo kutungamira kwayo, divi rayo kana kushanda kwayo kwe dayamondi kuchichinja zvakanyanya pedyo nemipendero yebhandi. Saka mashandiro epatani anofanira kusimbiswa pama frequency akasiyana pane kufungidzirwa kubva ku impedance bandwidth chete. Kuti uwane tsananguro yakadzama ye frequency-range, onaBandwidth yeAntena.
Kushanda Nesimba reBeam Kungavandudzwa Sei?
- Sarudza chinhu chinovhara mativi chinoyera kudzika kwedanda repadivi, upamhi hwedanda guru uye kuwedzera kwedanda.
- Gadzirisa nzvimbo yekudzora-kudyisa, kupenya kwemucheto uye kudira kwemvura.
- Shandisa nzvimbo yakakodzera yezvikamu uye amplitude chaiyo kana kuti phase control mu arrays kudzivirira grating lobes.
- Deredza kuvharika, kupararira kwetambo uye kusangana kusingadiwe nechimiro chekuisa kana radome.
- Kudzora kushivirira kwemuchina, kururama kwenzvimbo uye kurongeka kwenzvimbo pahuwandu hwepamusoro hwekushanda.
- Tarisa kuti mapatani e co-polar ne cross-polar ari papi nebhendi rese rekushanda uye mamiriro ese emwenje anodiwa.
Kushanda Nesimba Kwakakwirira Kunonyanya Kukosha Papi?
Kushanda zvakanaka kwemwenje wepamusoro kunonyanya kukosha kana simba kana simba rinogamuchirwa richifanira kuganhurirwa kune rimwe divi rakatsanangurwa. Mienzaniso yakajairika inosanganisira radar yekutevera chinangwa uye yekufungidzira, malink ekutaurirana nesatellite, radio astronomy ne radiometry, malink e microwave epoint-to-point, masystem e reflector-feed, ma antenna e calibration uye ma arrays anotungamirirwa nemagetsi.
Hapana chiyero chekushandiswa kwemwenje chakakodzera antenna yega yega. Chinodiwa chinofanirwa kutaura frequency yekushanda, polarization, mamiriro emwenje uye angular boundary, pamwe chete nemaitiro anogamuchirwa esidelobe uye back-lobe. Izvi zvinoita kuti data remutengesi, simulation uye mhedzisiro yakayerwa zvienzane zvakananga.
Chii Chinofanira Kutariswa Nevatengi muAntenna Datasheet?
Kana kudzora mwenje kuchikosha, usaongorore antenna kubva pakuwedzera kwesimba chete. Bvunza mugadziri kuti ndeapi data remapatani nemamiriro ekuyedza aripo emuenzaniso chaiwo uye huwandu hwemafrequency.
- Mafrequency ekushanda uye mafrequency anoshandiswa pakuyera mapatani
- Kukura, hafu yesimba rehupamhi hwebeam uye danho rekutanga redivi richienzaniswa nefrequency
- Mapatani emwaranzi yeCo-polar necross-polar mundege dzinodiwa kana kuburikidza neskena yakatenderera
- Muganhu wekona uye polarization zvinoshandiswa kuverenga kushanda zvakanaka kwedanda, kana kukosha ikoko kwatsanangurwa
- VSWR, chinongedzo kana chinobatanidza mafungu, manejimendi emagetsi uye zvinodiwa zvakatipoteredza
- Kushivirirana kwemuchina, kurongeka kwekugadzika uye chero radome kana reflector-feed configuration
Mhinduro dzeRF MISO Microwave Antena
RF MISO inopa ma antenna e microwave ne millimeter-wave ekuyera, radar, kutaurirana uye kubatanidza masisitimu. Mhuri dzezvigadzirwa zvine chekuita nazvo dzinosanganisiraantenna dzehorn dzinowanikwa pamutengo wakajairika, antenna dzinoratidzauyeantenna dze array. Magadzirirwo emhando dzakasiyana nedata rekuyedza riripo rinofanira kuongororwa zvichienderana nefrequency inodiwa, polarization, gain uye pattern performance.
Kana uchida kusarudza antenna kana kuti uchida kuita zvaunoda,bata RF MISO at info@rf-miso.com.
Nguva yekutumira: Chikunguru-12-2024
