Antena ye isotropic inzvimbo yakanaka yekutarisa inoburitsa simba remagetsi zvakaenzana kumativi ese. Mainjiniya vanoishandisa kuenzanisa kuwana kweantena, kutungamira uye simba rakasvibirwa, kunyangwe antena ye isotropic yakakwana isingagone kuvakwa mukuita.
Gwaro iri rinotsanangura zvinorehwa nemwaranzi yeisotropic, chimiro chepatani yemwaranzi yeisotropic, nei kuwedzera kwereferensi kuri 0 dBi, uye kuti referensi imwechete inoshandiswa sei mukuverenga kweEIRP.
Chii chinonzi Isotropic Antenna?
Antena ye isotropic, inonziwo isotropic radiator, inzvimbo yedzidziso ine simba remwaranzi rakafanana kune azimuth yega yega uye angle yekukwira. Haina divi rayo rinosarudzwa uye nekudaro inopa hwaro hwakasiyana hwekutsanangura maitiro eantenna chaiwo.
- Ipfungwa yakanaka yemasvomhu, kwete antenna chaiyo inogoneka.
- Kusimba kwemwaranzi kwayo kunogara kuri pamusoro pekona yakazara yakasimba yakatenderedza tsime.
- Kutungamira kwayo i1, inova 0 dBi.
- Kuwanikwa kweantenna kunotaurwa mu dBi kunoyerwa zvichienderana nereferensi iyi.
Maitiro eIsotropic Radiation Akaita Sei?
Patani yemwaranzi yeisotropic ine mativi matatu yakakodzera ibhora riri pakati penzvimbo inobva. Poindi yega yega iri pabhora iyoyo inomiririra simba remwaranzi rakafanana padaro rimwe chete. Chero ndege ine mativi maviri inopfuura nepakati inogadzira patani yakatenderera.
Iyi patani yakatenderera inoita kuti radiator ye isotropic ishande mudzidziso ye antenna: inopa avhareji yemwaranzi iyo antenna chaiyo inogona kuenzaniswa nayo. Antena inoshanda inogara iine chimiro chemuviri, kurongeka kwekudya uye nharaunda yakapoteredza iyo inounza shanduko yekutungamira, saka patani yayo yakayerwa inogona kunge iine main lobes, side lobes uye nulls.
Maitiro ekutarisa:Muzvikamu zvitatu, mwaranzi ye isotropic yakaita sedenderedzwa. Mwaranzi ye omnidirectional inongofanana chete padenderedzwa rakasarudzwa.
Musiyano mukuru:patani yedenderedzwa yeisotropic haina kufanana nepatani yakaita sedonati inowanzobatanidzwa ne dipole nedzimwe antenna dzinoenda kumativi ese.
Mufananidzo uri pamusoro apa unoratidza maitiro akafanana, akafanana ne dipole: akafanana mu azimuth, akaita se donut muzvikamu zvitatu uye akaita se figure-eight muchimiro chakamira. Inobatsira pakuenzanisa, asi haisi iyo denderedzwa re isotropic radiator.
Antena yeIsotropic vs. Omnidirectional
Mazwi ekuti isotropic uye omnidirectional dzimwe nguva anoshandiswa zvisina kurongeka, asi anotsanangura maitiro akasiyana emwaranzi.
- Kanyanga yeIsotropic:Inopenya zvakaenzana kumativi ese muzvikamu zvitatu. Ipfungwa ine patani yakatenderera.
- Kanereti yemativi ose:inopenya zvakaenzana padenderedzwa rimwe chete, kazhinji kacho iri azimuth plane yakatwasuka, nepo mwaranzi yayo ichisiyana nekukwirira.
- Maitiro akajairika ekutarisa kwese kwese:rakatenderera rakatwasuka uye rakaita sere rakamira, zvichigadzira patani ine mativi matatu yakaita sedonati.
Antena ye-omnidirectional inogona kupa kufukidza kwe360-degree azimuth, asi haisi isotropic nekuti inowanzova nemwaranzi isina simba kana kuti nulls padivi payo.
Sei Isotropic Antenna Gain 0 dBi?
Radiator ye isotropic yakakodzera ine gwara re1 nekuti haisanganisi simba mune chero divi. Kana ichitsanangurwa pachiyero che logarithmic, iyi referensi ndeiyi:
10 log10(1) = 0 dBi
Chinongedzo chekuti “i” chinoreva kuti kukosha kwacho kunotaurwa kune radiator ye isotropic. Antenna chaiyo ine 3 dBi inogadzira simba rakapetwa kaviri muhukuru hwayo kana tichienzanisa ne isotropic reference kana kuenzanisa kuchishandisa simba rakafanana rinogamuchirwa. Hazvirevi kuti radiator ye isotropic pachayo ine 3 dBi gain.
Kuti uwane zvimwe zvinhu zvine chekuita nazvo, onagwara re antennauyekushanda zvakanaka kweantenna uye kuwana.
Mashandisiro anoita EIRP Isotropic Reference
Simba rakafanana neradhi re isotropically radiated, kana kuti EIRP, rinoratidza simba rinodiwa neradhiator ye isotropic yakanaka kuti igadzire simba rakaenzana neremagetsi chaiwo anotumira zvinhu munzira yakatarwa. Mumayuniti e logarithmic:
EIRP (dBm) = simba rekutumira (dBm) + kuwedzera kweantenna (dBi) - kurasikirwa kwefeeder (dB)
Hukama uhwu hunobatanidza transmitter output, antenna gain zvichienzaniswa ne isotropic uye kurasikirwa kubva kutambo, connectors kana zvimwe zvikamu zvekudyisa. Saka EIRP huwandu hwesystem-level, kwete simba rekuwedzera rinogadzirwa neantenna.
ERP vs. EIRP
EIRP inoshandisa radiator ye isotropic senzira yayo yekureva. Simba re radiator rinoshanda, kana kuti ERP, rinoshandisa dipole yehafu-wave senzira yayo yekureva. Dipole yehafu-wave yakakodzera ine mukana wekuwana 2.15 dBi munzira yayo yepamusoro yekuratidza mwenje, saka huwandu huviri hunosiyana ne2.15 dB.
ERP (dBW) = EIRP (dBW) - 2.15 dB
Semuenzaniso, sisitimu ine EIRP ye30 dBW ine ERP ye27.85 dBW. Gara uchitarisa kana antenna kana muganho wekutonga wakanyorwa mu dBi/dBW EIRP kana dBd/dBW ERP usati waenzanisa kukosha.
Kuti unzwisise kuti maantenna chaiwo anogovera sei simba muzvikamu uye zvisina basa, ramba uchienderera mberi negwara redu rekutimapatani emwaranzi yeantenna.
Mazano Anoshanda
- Antena ye isotropic ipfungwa yakanaka yekushandisa, kwete dhizaini yeantena inoshanda.
- Patani yayo yemwaranzi ine mativi matatu yakaita sedenderedzwa, uye chidimbu chega chega chepakati chine mativi maviri chakaita denderedzwa.
- Kutungamira kwayo uye kuwana kwayo i1, kana 0 dBi.
- Antena inotenderera kumativi ese yakafanana chete muchikamu chakasarudzwa uye inowanzova nepatani ine mativi matatu yakaita sedonati.
- EIRP inoreva kuwana kwe isotropic, nepo ERP ichitaura nezve half-wave dipole.
RF MISO inopa maantenna anotungamira uye akapararira ekuyera, kutaurirana uye kubatanidza masisitimu mu microwave.mhinduro dzeantenna dzinoshandisa nzira dzese or taura nechikwata chedukuti tikurukure nezvezvinodiwa pakushanda kwako, kuwedzera kwako, polarization yako uye zvinodiwa pakushandisa interface.
Nguva yekutumira: Kubvumbi-17-2026
