Chii chinonzi Loop Antenna?
Antena ye loop inoumbwa nekuronga chimwe kana zvimwe zvinhu zvinofambisa mhepo munzira yakavharwa uye kupa chivakwa chiratidzo cheRF. Loop inogona kunge yakatenderera, yakaenzana, yakaita rectangular, yakaita triangular, yakatenderera, kana yakagadzirwa neimwe chimiro kuti isangane nezvinodiwa zvemakanika nemagetsi.
Kusiyana neantenna yedipole yakajairika, iyo inonyanya kusanganiswa nechinhu chemagetsi, loop diki yemagetsi inoita senge dipole yemagineti. Kushanda kwayo kwakabatana zvakanyanya nechikamu chemagnetic-field chemafungu emagetsi, zvichiita kuti maantena eroop abatsire zvikuru mukugamuchira, kutsvaga gwara, kunzwa kwenzvimbo dziri pedyo, RFID, uye masisitimu ekuyera magineti.
Ma antenna e loop haagumiri pahuwandu hwema frequency imwe chete. Kuwanda kwekushanda kwawo kunoenderana nedenderedzwa re loop kana tichienzanisa ne wavelength, huwandu hwema turns, saizi ye conductor, zvikamu zvekurodha, chimiro che feed, uye nzvimbo yakapoteredza yekuisa. Saka magadzirirwo e loop anogona kuwanikwa kubva kuma low-frequency receiving systems kusvika ku UHF uye ma microwave applications.
Hurongwa Hwekutanga uye Nheyo Yekushanda
Kana RF current ichitenderera conductive loop, inogadzira magnetic field inenge yakatarisana ne plane ye loop. Pakugamuchira, magnetic field inoshanduka inopfuura nepa loop inokonzera voltage pa terminals dzayo.
Simba rechiratidzo chinogamuchirwa rinoenderana nezvinhu zvakati wandei:
Nzvimbo yedenderedzwa
Huwandu hwematendeuko
Kushanda kakawanda
Kurongeka maererano nemunda uri kuuya
Kudzivirira kwemutyairi
Kugadzirisa uye kufananidza network
Zvidziviriro nezvivakwa zvesimbi zviri pedyo
Pachitenderedzwa chidiki chemagetsi, hukuru hwemagetsi nechikamu zvinogona kutariswa sezvinenge zvakafanana zvakatenderedza kondakita. Kufungidzira uku kunova kusina kururama sezvo denderedzwa richiwedzera. Muchitenderedzwa chikuru chine resonant, kugoverwa kwemagetsi kunosiyana zvakanyanya kutenderedza chimiro uye kunogadzira hunhu hwemwaranzi hwakasiyana nehuya hwechitenderedzwa chidiki chine magineti.
MaAntenna madiki eLoop
Kanyanga kadiki kerubhi kane denderedzwa diki pane urefu hwemafungu ekushanda. Kufungidzira kunowanzo shandiswa kweinjiniya ndekwekuti:
C≤0.1λ
apo C iri denderedzwa redenderedzwa uye λ iri denderedzwa remafungu.
Nekuda kwehukuru hwayo hudiki hwemagetsi, denderedzwa diki rinowanzova nekudzivirira kwakaderera kwemwaranzi. Saka kurasikirwa neconductor kunogona kureva chikamu chakakosha chekudzivirira kwayo kwese kwekupinda, zvichideredza kushanda zvakanaka kwemwaranzi kana antenna ichishandiswa kutumira.
Zvidimbu zvidiki zvinoshandisawo simba guru mukuita kuti zvinhu zvishande uye zvinowanzoda capacitor yekutuning kana network yekufananidza. Kana zvagadziriswa kuti zvienderane neresonance, zvinogona kupa mukana wekugamuchira, asi kunaka kwazvo kunogona kukonzera bandwidth yekushanda yakamanikana.
Hunhu uhwu hahuiti kuti ma "antenna" madiki asashande zvakanaka. Asi, hunoita kuti anyatsokodzera kushandiswa uko saizi ye "compact size", "magnetic-field response", "directional nulls", kana "narrowband selectivity" zvakakosha kupfuura kushanda zvakanaka kwemwaranzi.
MaAntenna Akakura eLoop
Chitenderedzo chikuru, dzimwe nguva chinonzi resonant loop, chine denderedzwa risingachadiki pamagetsi. Dhizaini yakajairika inoshandisa denderedzwa riri pedyo newavelength imwe chete:
C≈λ
Muchiitiko ichi, magetsi haaenderane akatenderedza denderedzwa. Kuchinja kwehukuru hwawo nechikamu chemagetsi zvichitevedza kondakita, zvichikonzera kupararira kwakaoma kwemunda.
Zvichienzaniswa nezvirukwa zvidiki zvemagetsi, zvirukwa zvinopenya zvinowanzopa simba rekudzivirira mwaranzi zvakanyanya uye kushanda zvakanaka kwekutumira. Zvinogona kushandiswa semaantenna anotumira kana kugamuchira, kunyange zvazvo kupindirana kwawo, polarization uye radiation pattern zvinoenderana zvakanyanya nedenderedzwa, chimiro, nzvimbo yekudyisa uye nzvimbo yekuisa.
Zvidimbu zvedenderedzwa nemativi mana zvakazara mafungu ndizvo zvakajairika. Chidimbu chedenderedzwa chinogona kuve nyore kugadzira nekuchiisa, nepo chidimbu chedenderedzwa chichipa chimiro chakatsetseka uye chakaenzana. Kana zvese zviri zviviri zvine denderedzwa remagetsi rakafanana, mashandiro azvo anogona kuenzana, kunyangwe hunhu hweimpedance chaiyo uye maitiro epatani zvichisiyana.
Mufananidzo 1. Mienzaniso yemagadzirirwo eantenna edenderedzwa neakaenzana.
Muenzaniso weMwaranzi
Magadzirirwo emwaranzi emuchindwe chidiki chemagetsi akafanana neemuchindwe wemagineti chaiwo. Mwaranzi hainyanyi kuyerera padivi pemupendero we ...
Muzvikamu zvitatu, patani yakarongwa zvakanaka yakafanana netorus yakakomberedza axis ye loop. Kana loop diki yaiswa yakatwasuka, mhinduro yayo yakatwasuka inowanzova nechimiro che figure-eight, ine ma nulls maviri akadzika akafanana ne loop plane.
Ma nulls aya anobatsira pakutsvaga nzira uye kudzikamisa kukanganiswa. Nekutenderedza antenna kusvika chiratidzo chagamuchirwa chasvika padanho repamusoro, mushandi anogona kuona mutsetse webearing uchienda kana kuti uri kure nekwakabva chiratidzo.
Kutungamira kwemhinduro yepamusoro, hudzamu hwe null uye polarization zvinoenderana ne loop orientation, kurongeka kwe feed, kukwirira kwekuisa, conductor geometry uye zvivakwa zviri pedyo. Saka polarization haifanirwe kutsanangurwa chete zvichienderana nenzvimbo ye feed point.
Mufananidzo 2. Mapatani emwaranzi anotsanangura antenna ye loop pamakona akasiyana ekukwira.
Kudyisa, Kugadzirisa uye Kufananidza Impedance
Kuvharirwa kwekupinda kweantenna ye loop kunoenderana zvakanyanya nehukuru hwayo hwemagetsi.
Chidimbu chidiki chinowanzoita kuti pave ne inductive reactance uye low radiation resistance. Kamba inoshanduka kana kuti yakagadziriswa inogona kubatanidzwa kuti igadzire resonant circuit pafrequency inodiwa. Transformer coupling, gamma matching, capacitive coupling kana active amplifier circuits zvinogonawo kushandiswa kubatanidza antenna ne receiver kana 50-ohm RF system.
Pakutumira mashandisirwo, kurasikirwa neconductor, kurasikirwa necapacitor uye kugona kubata magetsi zvinoda kunyatsofungwa. Kuyerera kwakawanda kwemagetsi kunogona kuitika mu loop yakagadziriswa kunyangwe simba rekupinda richiita seriri pakati nepakati.
Marobho makuru e resonant ane resistance yakakura yemwaranzi asi achiri kuda kuiswa kwekudya kwakakodzera uye kushandurwa kwe impedance. Kudyisa kwakaringana kana balun kungadiwa kudzivirira tambo yekudyisa kuti isave chikamu chesystem yekudyisa.
Chimiro cheLoop uye Nhamba yeKutendeuka
Antena yedenderedzwa haifanirwe kunge yakatenderera zvakakwana. Madenderedzwa edenderedzwa, akaenzana uye akaenzana ndiwo anonyanya kuwanikwa nekuti ari nyore kuverenga nekugadzira.
Kuchinja ma "turns" kakawanda kunowedzera simba rekugamuchira rinokonzerwa uye inductance. Zvisinei, zvinowedzerawo kurasikirwa kwe "conductor", "distributed capacitance" uye "self-resonance effects". Kuchinja ma "turns" akawanda hakuiti kuti broadband ishande zviri nani.
Zvimiti zveFerrite kana kuti mamagnetic cores anowanzo shandiswa muma antenna eCompact MF neAM receiving. Zvinhu zvemagnetic zvinosimbisa magnetic flux kuburikidza nekumonera, zvichibvumira chimiro chidiki kuti chipe kunzwisisika kunobatsira pakugamuchira.
Pama frequency akakwira, ma printed loops, microstrip loops uye integrated loop structures zvinogona kugadzirwa zvakananga pama circuit board eRFID, wireless sensing, communication terminals uye RF measurements.
Mabhenefiti eLoop Antennas
Ma antenna e loop anopa mabhenefiti akawanda anoshanda:
- Chimiro chidiki chemuchina
- Maumbirwo akawanda anogoneka uye mafomati ekuisa
- Kunzwisisa simba remagineti kunobatsira
- Magadzirirwo e "deep direction nulls" mu "small-loop designs"
- Zvakakodzera kutsvaga nzira uye kurambwa kwekukanganiswa
- Kubatanidzwa kuri nyore nekugadzirisa uye maseketi anoshanda
- Inogona kukwidziridzwa pakugadzira madhizaini eLF, HF, VHF, UHF uye microwave
Miganhu Yekugadzira
Zvipingamupinyi zvakakosha zvinosanganisira:
- Kusadzivirira mwaranzi yakaderera mumagadzirirwo madiki emagetsi
- Kubudirira kwekutumira zvinhu kwakaderedzwa kana kurasikirwa kwemutyairi kwakakosha
- Bandwidth yakamanikana muzvishwe zvakagadziridzwa zvine Q yakakwira
- Kunzwa zvinhu zvesimbi zviri pedyo
- Kugona kukwira kwemagetsi nemagetsi zvinotenderera
- Kudiwa kwekunyatsoenderana kwe impedance
- Kukanganiswa kwemapatani kunokonzerwa netambo dzekudya uye zvivakwa zvekuisa
Maitiro Akajairika
Ma antenna e loop anoshandiswa zvakanyanya mu:
- AM, MF, HF uye mareceiver eshortwave
- Midziyo yekutsvaga nzira yeredhiyo
- RFID uye masisitimu ekutaurirana ari pedyo nemunda
- Kuyerwa kweEMI neEMC magnetic-field
- Kuongorora ma spectrum uye kuyedzwa kwesimba remunda
- Kutaurirana kwemukati uye masisitimu emagetsi asina waya
- Mapuratifomu ekugamuchira anotakurika uye akaiswa mumotokari
- Maseketi eRF akadhindwa uye e microwave
- Kutsvaga, kugadzirisa uye kuyera maAntena
Pakuyera EMI uye simba remumunda, ma antenna e calibrated loop anonyanya kubatsira kana chikamu chemagnetic-field cheRF environment chichifanira kuongororwa. Mumasystem ekutaurirana nekutarisa, ma directional nulls avo anogona kubatsira kuderedza kupindira kana kuona divi resignal risingazivikanwe.
Kukosha kweUinjiniya
Ma antenna e loop anoratidza kuti saizi yemagetsi, kugoverwa kwemagetsi, kubatana kwemagnetic-field uye kuenderana kweimpedance zvinokanganisa sei mashandiro e antenna.
Chitenderedzo chakafanana nechacho chinogona kuita se antenna ine magnetic receiving compact, narrowband resonant sensor, full-wave transmitting antenna kana near-field coupling element, zvichienderana nedenderedzwa rayo uye mashandiro ayo.
RF MISO inopa mhinduro dze antenna ne microwave dzeRF testing, communication, radar, antenna measurement uye system integration. Kunzwisisa ma structures ekutanga akadai se loop antenna kunobatsira mainjiniya kuongorora frequency range, gain, polarization, impedance, bandwidth, radiation efficiency uye direction response pavanosarudza kana kugadzira antenna system.
Kuti udzidze zvakawanda nezve antenna, ndapota shanyira:
Nguva yekutumira: Chikunguru-31-2026
