Maantenna ewaya ndeimwe yemhando huru dzemaantenna. Anozivikanwa zvikuru uye anoshandiswa zvakanyanya. Kuti tinzwisise zviri nani maantenna ewaya, ngatitangei tatarisa tambo yekutumira.
Mutsetse weKutapurirana
Tambo yekutumira magetsi, kana kuti waya, inotakura simba remagetsi kubva kumucheto mumwe kuenda kune mumwe. Kana magumo ese etambo yekutumira magetsi akabatana nematunhu, ruzivo runogona kutumirwa kana kugamuchirwa pakati pematunhu maviri kuburikidza newaya iyi.
Kana mugumo mumwe wewaya ukasiyiwa wakavhurika, simba remagetsi rinoedza kubuda. Izvi zvinotungamira pakutaurirana kusina waya. Kana mugumo wewaya ukakombama, simba racho rinobuda kubva mumutsetse wekutumira magetsi zvinobudirira kupfuura kare. Kubuda uku nemaune kunonzi radiation.
Kuti pave nemwaranzi inoshanda zvakanaka, impedance iri pamucheto wakavhurika wetambo yekutumira inofanirwa kuenzaniswa ne impedance yenzvimbo yakasununguka. Funga nezvetambo yekutumira ine hurefu hwemamita makumi mana. Mugumo wayo wekure unosiyiwa wakavhurika uye wakakombama, nokudaro uchipa impedance yakakwira. Chimiro ichi chinoumba antenna yehafu-wave dipole. Kunyange zvazvo mugumo wetambo yekutumira une impedance yakaderera, impedance yakakwira iri pamucheto wakavhurika inoenderana ne impedance yenzvimbo yakasununguka, zvichikonzera kushanda kwemwaranzi kwakawedzera.
Dipole
Kana simba richiburitswa kuburikidza newaya yakadaro yakakombama, mugumo wetambo yekutumira inonzi dipole kana dipole antenna.
Kupindirana kweimpedance yekupinda kunoenderana neradius nehurefu hwedipole. Kana radius iri diki, hukuru hweimpedance hunowedzera, uye reactance inoenderana newavelength. Saka, kureba neradius yedipole zvinofanirwa kutariswa. Kazhinji, impedance yedipole antenna inenge 72 Ω.
Mufananidzo uri pazasi unobatsira kuratidza pfungwa iyi zvakajeka.
Mufananidzo uyu unoratidza dhayagiramu yedunhu redipole yakabatana netambo yekutumira. Mu antenna yedipole, magetsi ari pakati pemagetsi uye anodzikira kusvika pazero kumagumo, nepo voltage iri pakati pemagetsi uye inowedzera kusvika pakakwirira kumagumo.
Mhando dzakajairika dzeantenna dzewaya dzinosanganisira: half-wave dipole antenna, half-wave folded dipole antenna, full-wave dipole antenna, short dipole antenna, uye infinitesimal dipole antenna. Mhando dzese idzi dzeantenna dzichakurukurwa muzvitsauko zvinotevera.
Kuti udzidze zvakawanda nezve antenna, ndapota shanyira:
Nguva yekutumira: Chivabvu-29-2026
