Antena yedipole inochekwa uye inokotamiswa kuti iwane mwaranzi inoshanda zvakanaka. Hurefu hwese hwewaya inoshandiswa sedipole hwakaenzana nehafu yehurefu hwewaya (kureva, l=λ/2）). Rudzi urwu rweantena runonzi half-wave dipole antenna. Nekuda kwezvakanaka zvayo, ndiyo antena inonyanya kushandiswa, uye inozivikanwawo seHertz antenna.
Rudzi rweMafambiro
Antena ye half-wave dipole inoshanda pamusoro pehuwandu hwema frequency angangoita 3 kHz kusvika 300 GHz, uye inonyanya kushandiswa muma redhiyo rekugamuchira.
Maumbirwo uye Nheyo yeKushanda kweHalf-Wave Dipole
I antenna ye dipole ine ma frequency ekushanda anoenderana nehafu ye wavelength; saka, inonzi hafu-wave dipole antenna.
Migumo yedipole ine maximum voltage, inova alternating current (AC) muchimiro. Pa positive peak yevoltage, maerekitironi anowanzo famba akananga kune rimwe divi, nepo pa negative peak, anofamba akananga kune rimwe divi. Izvi zvinogona kutsanangurwa nerubatsiro rwemufananidzo uri pazasi.
Mufananidzo uri pamusoro apa unoratidza mashandiro emuchina wehafu-wave dipole.
Mufananidzo 1 unoratidza dipole kana iri muhafu ye positive ye voltage induced. Panguva ino, maerekitironi anowanzo famba akananga kune positive charge.
Mufananidzo wechipiri unoratidza dipole iri mu negative half-cycle ye induced voltage. Pano, maerekitironi anowanzo famba kubva pa dipole.
Mufananidzo 3 unoratidza dipole muhafu inotevera ye positive cycle. Panguva ino, maerekitironi anofamba zvakare akananga kune charge.
Kuunganidzwa uku kunoita kuti pave nemagetsi akasiyana-siyana, ayo anobuda kunze nenzira imwecheteyo neinobuda padipole pachayo. Nekuda kweizvozvo, kubuda kweantenna imwaranzi inoshanda inotevera pateni yenguva yemagetsi anobuda. Nenzira iyi, dipole yehafu-wave inowana mwaranzi inoshanda.
Mufananidzo uri pamusoro unoratidza kugoverwa kwemagetsi mu half-wave dipole. Kuwanda kwe half-wave dipole i2.15 dBi, izvo zvakanaka kwazvo. Pano, bhii rekuti "i" rinoreva isotropic radiator.
Nzira yemwaranzi
Magadzirirwo emwaranzi eantenna iyi yehafu-wave dipole anoenda kune rumwe rutivi muH-plane, zvichiita kuti ive yakakodzera kushandiswa kwakasiyana-siyana kwakadai sekutaurirana nefoni uye kugamuchira redhiyo.
Mufananidzo uri pamusoro unoratidza mapatani emwaranzi yehafu-wave dipole muH-plane neV-plane.
Kune dipole ine urefu hwehafu yehurefu hwemafungu (kureva, kureba kwekutanga kwe resonant), radius yayo haikanganisi impedance yekupinda. Antenna inoshanda zvakanyanya pahuwandu hwayo hwe resonant, hunoitika pahurefu hwayo hwe resonant.
Kuti udzidze zvakawanda nezve antenna, ndapota shanyira:
Nguva yekutumira: Chikumi-05-2026
