Chitsauko chino chinokurukura nezvematanho emwaranzi yeantenna, izvo zvinotibatsira kunzwisisa zvirevo zvemwaranzi.
Nzvimbo yeMatanda
Zvinoenderana netsananguro yakajairwa: “Kana simba remwaranzi P(θ,ϕ) richiramba riri pamutengo waro wepamusoro pamusoro pekona yakasimba ΩA uye riri zero kune imwe nzvimbo, saka nzvimbo yemwaranzi ndiyo kona yakasimba iyo simba rese rinoburitswa neantenna rinopfuura napo.”
Danda rinobuda kubva kune antenna rinoburitswa mukati mekona yakati solid apo simba remwaranzi rakanyanya. Kona iyi solid beam inonzi nzvimbo yedanda uye inoratidzwa neΩA.
Mukati meiyi angle yakasimba ΩA, simba remwaranzi P(θ,ϕ) rinofanira kunge risingachinji uye rakanyanya kukwira, uye zero kumwewo. Nokudaro, simba rese remwaranzi rinopihwa na:
Simba Rinopfuta Nemwaranzi=P(θ,ϕ)⋅ΩA(watts)
Kona yemwenje inowanzoreva kona yakasimba iri pakati penzvimbo dzine simba rehafu yechikamu chikuru.
Kutsanangura Masvomhu
Masvomhu ekutaura kwenzvimbo yedanda ndeaya:
uko kona yakasiyana-siyana iri:
dΩ=sinθdθdϕ
Pano, Pn(θ,ϕ) ndiyo simba remwaranzi rakajairwa.
• ΩA inomiririra kona yedanda rakasimba (nzvimbo yedanda).
• θ ibasa renzvimbo yekona.
• ϕ ibasa redaro re radial.
Chikamu
Chikamu chenzvimbo yedanda ndichosteradian (sr).
Kushanda Nemabhero
Zvinoenderana netsananguro yakajairwa: "Kushanda zvakanaka kwedanda ndiko chiyero chenzvimbo yedanda redanda guru kune nzvimbo yese yedanda rakasvibirwa."
Simba rinoburitswa neantenna rinoenderana nekutungamirira kwaro. Kutungamira kwarinoita antenna simba rakawanda ndiko kunoshanda zvakanyanya, nepo rimwe simba richirasika mumativi. Chiyero chesimba guru rinoburitswa mudanda guru kune simba rose rinoburitswa, nekurasikirwa kushoma, chinonzi kushanda zvakanaka kwedanda.
Kutsanangura Masvomhu
Kutaura kwemasvomhu kwekushanda zvakanaka kwemuti ndekwekuti:
kupi
•ηB ibasa remwenje (risina dhayamita),
• ΩMB ndiyo kona yakasimba (nzvimbo yedanda) yedanda guru,
• ΩA ndiyo kona yakasimba yedanda rese rakaiswa nemwaranzi.
Kuparadzanisa kweAntena
MaAntenna anogona kugadzirwa ne polarizations dzakasiyana zvichienderana nezvinodiwa zvekushandisa, zvakaita se linear kana denderedzwa polarization. Rudzi rwe polarization runosarudza hunhu hwe beam uye mamiriro e polarization ye antenna panguva yekugamuchira kana kutumira.
Kupatsanurana kwemutsetse
Kana mafungu emagetsi atumirwa kana kugamuchirwa, nzira yaanofamba nayo inogona kusiyana. Antena ine polarized linearly inochengetedza electric field vector yakavharirwa kune imwe plane yakatarwa, nokudaro ichiisa simba munzira chaiyo uku ichidzvinyirira dzimwe nzira. Nokudaro, polarization yelinear inobatsira kuvandudza antenna directionivity.
Kupokana kwakatenderera
Mumafungu akatenderera, vhekita yemagetsi inotenderera nekufamba kwenguva, zvikamu zvayo zvakafanana muhukuru uye 90° kunze kwechikamu, zvichikonzera kusava negwara rakatarwa. Kutenderera kwedenderedzwa kunoderedza mhedzisiro yemultipath uye nekudaro kunoshandiswa zvakanyanya mukutaurirana kwesatellite, senge GPS.
Kupokana Kwakatsetseka
Mafungu akatenderera anowanzo tenderera anogona kuratidzwa zviri nyore kubva pamusoro pePasi, zvichikonzera kudzikira kwechiratidzo, kunyanya pama frequency ari pasi pe 1 GHz. Kutenderera kwakadzika kunowanzo shandiswa pakutumira chiratidzo cheterevhizheni kuti chiwane chiyero chiri nani chechiratidzo-kune-ruzha.
Kupatsanurana kwakamira
Mafungu e low-frequency akadzika anobatsira pakupararira kwemafungu epasi. Kana tichienzanisa ne horizon polarization, mafungu e vertically polarized haanyanyi kukanganiswa ne surface reflections saka anoshandiswa zvakanyanya mukutaurirana nefoni.
Rudzi rwega rwega rwe polarization rune zvarunobatsira uye zvisingakwanisike. Vagadziri veRF system vanogona kusarudza polarization yakakodzera zvichienderana nezvinodiwa zvesystem.
Kuti udzidze zvakawanda nezve antenna, ndapota shanyira:
Nguva yekutumira: Kubvumbi-24-2026
