Chii chinonzi PESA Radar? Mashandiro Ainoita uye Zvinofanira Kutariswa neMainjiniya

Radar inoskenwa nemagetsi isina simba, kana kuti PESA radar, inowanzoshandisa RF transmit/receive architecture kuti ipe zvinhu zvakawanda zveantenna kuburikidza ne network yekugovera. Kuchinja kwechikamu chinodzorwa nemagetsi kunoisa chikamu chepakati pazvinhu, saka mwaranzi yakabatana inoumba danda nenzira yakarairwa. Aperture yakakwana haidi kutenderera ne mechanically kune imwe neimwe shanduko yekutarisa.

Mhinduro pfupi:PESA inopa electronic beam steering ine RF architecture iri pakati nepakati. Kushanda kwayo chaiko kunoenderana nezvinopfuura chipfupiso. Mainjiniya anofanirwa kuongorora kuwedzera kwe angle yekuskena, kurasikirwa kwe feed-network, bandwidth yekushandisa, sidelobes, polarization, calibration, duty cycle, thermal limit uye measurement reference plane vasati vasarudza kana dhizaini yacho ichienderana neapplication.

Izvi zvinokosha nekuti specification inoyerwa chete pa boresight inogona kuvanza mamiriro ezvinhu anodzora mashandiro emunda. Kukwira kwepamusoro hakuratidzi kuti beam inochinja sei pedyo nemucheto wechikamu che scan. Rudzi rwakakura rwekushanda-frequency haruratidzi kuti beam pointing inoramba yakagadzikana mubhendi rese. Zvikamu zvinotevera zvinotsanangura mashandiro anoita PESA uye mibvunzo inoderedza njodzi yekubatanidzwa.

Radar yePESA Inoshanda Sei

Magadzirirwo ePESA anogona kuitwa nenzira dzakasiyana, asi nzira yechiratidzo inowanzo kuve nematanho mashanu anoshanda. Mamwe masisitimu anoshandisa ma subarrays kana nzira dzisina kudzoserwa, saka dhayagiramu yebhuroko inofanira kugara ichitariswa nedhizaini chaiyo.

1. Kugadzirwa kwewaveform uye kushandurwa kweRF. Iyo exciter inogadzira waveform inodiwa uye inoishandura kuita operating frequency. Iyo transmitter inozosimudza chiratidzo kusvika padanho resimba rinodiwa.
2. Kugoverwa kwesimba. Network yekudyisa inokamura chiratidzo chinotumirwa pakati penzira dzakawanda. Network inogona kushandisa waveguide, mitsetse yekudyisa, zvinoparadzanisa simba, zvinobatanidza nezvimwe zvikamu zve microwave.
3. Kudzora kwechikamu. Chinochinja chikamu munzira yega yega yechinhu, kana munzira yega yega ye subarray, chinoshandura chikamu chechiratidzo zvichienderana negwara rakarairwa remwaranzi. Kufambira mberi kwechikamu kuburikidza ne aperture kunosarudza kuti kukanganiswa kwekuvaka kunoitika kupi.
4. Kupenya kwemwaranzi uye kugadzirwa kwemwaranzi. Zvinhu zveantenna zvinopenya pamwe chete. Minda yavo inowedzera zvakanyanya munzira yakasarudzwa uye inodzima zvishoma kune dzimwe nzira, zvichiita kuti pave nemwaranzi huru uye mativi ekunze.
5. Kushanda kwekugamuchira uye kugadzirisa. Masaini anoratidzwa anodzoka kuburikidza neaperture uye feed network kuenda kune receiver chain. Data rekugadzirisa rinogadzirisa musiyano wechikamu uye amplitude unokonzerwa nekushivirira kwezvikamu, tembiricha, frequency uye kukwegura.

Kutungamira kwemagetsi kunogona kufambisa danda nekukurumidza kupfuura kuisa jira guru panzvimbo yaro. Zvisinei, mwero unobatsira wekutarisa unoenderanawo nenguva ye waveform, kunonoka kwekudzora, kugadzirisa masaini uye kuronga radar resource scheduler. Kumhanya kwe antenna chete hakutsananguri kuti radar yese inogona kutsigira zvinangwa zvingani kana mabasa.

Sei Ichinzi Passive Electronically Scanned Array

Izwi rekuti passive rinotsanangura magadzirirwo eRF ari paaperture. MuPESA yakajairika, zvinhu zveantenna hazvina module yakakwana yekutumira nekugamuchira. RF chain inogovera uye inogamuchira simba kuburikidza nenetwork yekudyisa, ukuwo zvikamu zvephase-control zvichiumba danda. Array ichiri kuda simba remagetsi rekudzora, kuchinja, kutonhora uye mamwe mabasa.

Radar yePESA yakasiyanawo neradar isingashande. Radar isingashande inowanzoona kupenya kubva kumatransmitter ekunze kana zvimwe zvinovheneka mukana. PESA igadzirirwo yeantenna neRF-distribution iyo inogona kushandiswa muradar inotumira data. Kuvhiringidza zvinoreva izvi zviviri kunoita kuti pave nezvinodiwa zvisirizvo zvesystem.

Ndezvipi Zvimiro Zvinosarudza Kushanda kwePESA

Chinonyanya kubatsira i matrix yekushanda pamusoro pema frequency, scan angle, polarization uye mamiriro ekushanda. Tafura iri pazasi inoratidza zvinhu zvinofanirwa kutsanangurwa usati waenzanisa ma arrays kana kukumbira quotation.

Sei Kushanda Kuchinjwa NeScan Angle

Chikamu chakapatsanurwa chinowanzova chakasimba pedyo nekuona zviri nyore, divi rakakodzera kusvika paburi. Sezvo danda richiendeswa kure, buri rakarongwa rinova diki mugwara rekuskena. Patani yechinhu inogonawo kupa mwaranzi shoma pakona yakarairwa. Zvikanganiso zvekudyisa, kubatana kwekubatana, kushivirirana kwechimiro uye radome zvinogona kuwedzera kukanganiswa.

Mhedzisiro yacho inogona kusanganisira kurasikirwa kwescan, width yakafara, shifted sidelobes, higher cross-polarization kana pointing error. Shanduko idzi hadzibatanidzwi ne boresight gain value imwe chete. Kune array yakagadzirirwa kuskena kune angle yakatarwa, kumbira gain uye pattern data pa boresight, imwe kana kupfuura intermediate angles, uye kumucheto kwechikamu chinodiwa. Dzokorora cheki pa low-low, center uye highest operating frequency.

Nzvimbo yezvikamu inofanira kutariswa zvakanyanya. Kana nzvimbo yacho yakakura zvakanyanya kana tichienzanisa newavelength uye scan angle, ma grating lobes asingadiwe anogona kupinda munzvimbo inoonekwa. Dhizaini inogamuchirwa pamucheto wezasi webhendi inogona kuita zvakasiyana pahuwandu hwepamusoro, apo nzvimbo imwe chete yemuviri inomiririra wavelengths dzakawanda.

Bandwidth neBeam Squint Zvinokanganisa Sei PESA

Masisitimu mazhinji ePESA anoshandisa ma phase shifters kugadzira phase progression yakarurama pafrequency yakasarudzwa. Kana frequency ikachinja, iyo phase setting imwechete inogona kunongedzera beam kune imwe angle. Iyi frequency-dependent pointing shift inowanzonzi beam squint. Hukuru hwemhedzisiro hunoenderana nebandwidth, scan angle, architecture uye rudzi rwephase-control network.

Saka chinodiwa chebhandi rakakura chinoda zvinopfuura chirevo chenguva-pfupi. Kumbira kuti beam pointing, gain, sidelobes uye polarization ishandiswe pa frequency uye scan angle. Mamwe magadzirirwo anoshandisa zvinhu zvekunonoka kwenguva chaiyo, nzira dze subarray kana kugadzirisa frequency-dependent kuti aderedze beam squint, asi sarudzo idzodzo dzinowedzera kurasikirwa kwadzo, kuomarara, saizi uye zvinodiwa pakugadzirisa.

Kurasikirwa kweFeed Network kunokosha kupi?

MuPESA yakajairika inoshandisa aperture yakagovaniswa, network yekudyisa inobatanidzwa munzira dzese dzekutumira nekugamuchira. Zvikamu zvemagetsi, mitsetse yekutumira, mawaveguides, maphase shifters, maswitch uye transitions zvese zvinopa kurasikirwa kwekuisa. Pakutumira, kurasikirwa uku kunoderedza simba rinoendeswa kuaperture uye kunogadzira kupisa. Pakugamuchira, kurasikirwa pamberi pekugamuchira kunogona kuderedza kunzwisisika uye kushanda zvakanaka kwesimba.

Kurasikirwa kunofanirwa kusungirirwa kune plane yakajeka yereferensi. Kuwana antenna kwakataurwa kunogona kusabatanidza tambo, rotary joint, waveguide transition, phase-control network kana radome iripo musystem yakaiswa. Panguva yekugamuchira, enzanisa data rakayerwa ne configuration imwechete uye plane yereferensi yakashandiswa mu specification.

PESA inoreva here kuti frequency imwe chete kana kuti chinangwa chimwe chete

Mibvunzo Misere Yekubvunza Usati Wabatanidza PESA Array

1. Ndeapi mafrequency ekushanda uye bandwidths instantaneous dzinofanira kutsigirwa, uye ndeapi mavalue anofanirwa kutsigirwa muchikamu chose che scan?
2. Ndeapi azimuth uye kufukidza kwekukwirira kunodiwa, uye aperture yakazara yakagadziriswa nemakanika here, inotenderera kana kuti yakachinjwa nzvimbo yayo neimwe nzira?
3. Ndeipi miganho yekuwedzera, EIRP, beamwidth, sidelobe uye cross-polarization inoshanda pakutarisa uye pakona yepamusoro yekuskena?
4. Ndeipi simba repamusoro, simba repakati, upamhi hwekurova kwemoyo uye kutenderera kwebasa zvinofanira kubata network yekudyisa uye aperture?
5. Ndekupi kunowanikwa ma "transmit-power" uye "receiver-sensitivity" reference planes, uye ndedzipi cable, waveguide, phase-shifter uye radome losses?
6. Array yacho ichaongororwa sei zvichienderana nefrequency, tembiricha uye scan angle, uye drift ichaonekwa sei mushure mekuisirwa?
7. Chii chinobatanidza, gwara remafungu, kuisa, radome, saizi, huremu uye zvipingamupinyi zvezvakatipoteredza zvinoshanda pakugadziriswa kwakaiswa?
8. Ndezvipi zviyero zvicharatidza kugamuchirwa, uye gadziriro yekuedza icharatidza here polarization yekushanda, frequency, simba uye mamiriro ekuskena?

PESA neAESA dzinopa sarudzo dzakasiyana dzekuvaka

PESA ne active electronically scanned array radar zvese zvinoshandisa controlled phase relationships kuti zvibate matanda. Musiyano wazvo mukuru ndewekuti active RF generation ne reception zvinoitika kupi. PESA inowanzo fambisa transmitter ne receiver architecture kuburikidza ne feed network ne phase shifters. AESA inoparadzira ma active transmitter ne receiver modules akawanda kuburikidza ne aperture kana subarrays dzayo. Beamforming implementation—analog, hybrid kana digital—idhizaini yakasiyana uye haifanirwe kutorwa seyakafanana nePESA/AESA distinction.

AESA inogona kupa huwandu hwakawanda hwekudzokororwa kwesimba, kushanduka kwechimiro chemafungu uye kuronga mabasa akawanda nekukurumidza, asi zvakare inogadzira zvinodiwa zvakanyanya zvekugoverwa kwesimba, kutonhora, kugadzirisa uye kudzora mamodule. PESA inogona kuramba ichishanda kana dhizaini yeRF yakabatana ikasangana nezvinodiwa nebasa uye kubatanidzwa. Kuti uwane kuenzanisa kwakadzama kwezvivakwa, verenga RF MISO'sKuenzanisa radar yeAESA nePESASarudzo chaiyo inofanira kunge yakavakirwa pazvinodiwa zvinoyerwa pane kufunga kuti chidimbu chimwe chete chinogara chiri nani.

PESA Array Inofanira Kuyerwa uye Kugamuchirwa Sei?

Kuyedzwa kwekubvuma kunofanira kutevedzera mamiriro anoshandiswa muchimiro chekushanda. Pazvishoma, nyora ma frequency points, polarization, scan commands, power level, duty cycle, calibration state, radome condition uye RF reference plane. Yera kana simbisa gain, beamwidth, pointing accuracy, sidelobes uye cross-polarization pa representative scan angles.

Nzvimbo inodiwa uye gadziriro inodiwa zvinoenderana nehukuru hwe aperture, frequency uye chinangwa chekuyera. Nzira dzekure, compact-range kana near-field dzinogona kunge dzakakodzera. RF MISO'skugona kwekuyedza antennatsanangura zviwanikwa zvekuyera zvakakodzera, asi nzira yekupedzisira uye bhajeti rekusava nechokwadi zvinofanirwa kubvumirana bvunzo yekugamuchirwa isati yatanga.

Rutsigiro rweRF MISO rweArray Antenna Evaluation

RF MISO ikambani inogadzira antenna dzeRF ne microwave inotsigira tsvakurudzo yeantenna, kuyerwa uye kubatanidzwa kwesystem. RF MISO haipe radar yePESA yakazara sechigadzirwa cheantenna chakajairika. Kukurukurirana kweinjiniya kwakakodzera kunotanga nezvinodiwa zve antenna aperture, feed uye interface zvinogona kusimbiswa zvichienderana nebhendi re frequency rakatsanangurwa, polarization, gain, beamwidth uye mechanical envelope.

Mainjiniya anogona kuongorora RF MISOzvigadzirwa zve antenna dze arrayuyeantenna dzakarongwasenzvimbo dzekutanga dzekukurukurirana kwezvikamu uye aperture. Zvigadzirwa zvakajairika zviripo hazviite otomatiki radar yePESA, uye kukodzera kwayo kunofanirwa kusimbiswa zvichienderana nehurongwa hwakazara hwesystem.

Kuti mutange nekukurukurirana kwehunyanzvi, ipai bhendi rekushanda, bandwidth instantaneous, polarization, required gain, scan sector, sidelobe target, peak uye avhareji simba, RF interface, aperture size, mounting constraints, nharaunda uye acceptance-test tarisiro. Ruzivo urwu runobvumira timu yeinjiniya kuona kuti ndeapi antenna uye bvunzo sarudzo dzinoda kuongororwa kwakawedzerwa.

Send the project requirements to info@rf-miso.com or bata RF MISOkuburikidza newebhusaiti.

Mibvunzo Inowanzo bvunzwa

Chii chinonzi PESA

PESA inomirira passive electronically scanned array. Inowanzo shandisa RF transmit/receive architecture iri pakati, network yekudyisa uye controlled phase shifts kuti itungamirire beam kuburikidza ne antenna aperture.

Sei PESA ichinzi passive kana ichitumira simba?

Passive inotsanangura kusavapo kwemodule inoshanda yekutumira nekugamuchira pane chimwe nechimwe chinhu cheantenna. Radar ichiri kushandisa RF, control, calibration uye cooling hardware ine simba.

Radar yePESA inogona here kutevera zvinangwa zvakawanda

Inogona, zvichienderana nekurongwa kwemwenje, kuongorora nguva, dhizaini yewaveform, nzira dzekugamuchira uye kugadzirisa. Chiratidzo chePESA chega hachitsananguri kugona kwechinangwa.

Ko PESA yakafanana here ne antenna ye phased array

PESA igadzirirwo yeRF ine phased-array, nepo phased array iri pfungwa yeantenna yakafara. AESA igadzirirwo yeRF imwe. Analog, hybrid uye digital beamforming inotsanangura kuti beamforming inoitwa sei uye inoumba chiyero chakasiyana chekupatsanura pane zvimwe zvakafanana kune PESA kana AESA.

Ndeipi data inofanira kuongororwa pakona yepamusoro yekuskena

Tarisa kurasikirwa kwegain kana scan, beamwidth, pointing accuracy, sidelobes, cross-polarization uye impedance maitiro pamafrequencies anodiwa uye magadzirirwo akaiswa.

PESA inogona kuva sarudzo inoshanda riini

PESA inogona kushanda kana electronic steering ichidikanwa uye RF chain iri pakati inogona kusangana nebandwidth, scan, simba, kuvimbika, thermal uye zvinodiwa zvekuchengetedza. Sarudzo yacho inofanira kutevedzera kuyerwa kwesystem uye zvirambidzo zvehupenyu.