Mumunda weantenna dze array, beamforming, inozivikanwawo se spatial filtering, inzira yekugadzirisa masaini inoshandiswa kutumira nekugamuchira mawave eredhiyo asina waya kana mawave eruzha nenzira yakanangana. Beamforming inowanzo shandiswa muma radar ne sonar systems, wireless communications, acoustics, uye biomedical equipment. Kazhinji, beamforming uye beam scanning zvinoitwa nekuisa hukama hwe phase pakati pe feed ne element yega yega ye antenna array kuitira kuti zvinhu zvese zvitumire kana kugamuchira masaini mu phase nenzira yakatarwa. Munguva yekutumira, beamformer inodzora phase uye relative amplitude ye transmitter yega yega kuti igadzire ma patterns ekuvaka uye anoparadza pa wavefront. Munguva yekugamuchira, sensor array configuration inotungamira kugamuchira radiation pattern inodiwa.
Tekinoroji yeKugadzira Mabhero
Kugadzira beamforming inzira inoshandiswa kutungamira pateni yemwaranzi yemwaranzi kuenda kune imwe nzira inodiwa ine mhinduro yakatarwa.kanyangaarray inogona kuwanikwa ne phase shift system kana time delay system.
Kuchinja Kwechikamu
Mumasystem e narrowband, kunonoka kwenguva kunonziwo phase shift. Pa radio frequency (RF) kana kuti pakati nepakati (IF), kugadzira beamforming kunogona kuitwa nekuchinja kwechikamu uchishandisa ferrite phase shifters. Pabaseband, kuchinja kwechikamu kunogona kuitwa nekugadzira masaini edhijitari. Mukushanda kwebroadband, kugadzira beamforming yekunonoka kwenguva kunofarirwa nekuda kwekuda kwekuita kuti gwara remain beam rive risingachinji nefrequency.
RM-PA17731
RM-PA10145-30(10-14.5GHz)
Kunonoka kwenguva
Kunonoka kwenguva kunogona kuunzwa nekuchinja urefu hwetambo yekutumira. Sezvinoita nekuchinja kwechikamu, kunonoka kwenguva kunogona kuunzwa paradio frequency (RF) kana pakati nepakati (IF), uye kunonoka kwenguva kunounzwa nenzira iyi kunoshanda zvakanaka pamusoro pehuwandu hwema frequency. Zvisinei, bandwidth ye time-scanned array inoganhurirwa nebandwidth ye dipoles uye nzvimbo yemagetsi pakati pe dipoles. Kana frequency yekushanda ikawedzera, nzvimbo yemagetsi pakati pe dipoles inowedzera, zvichikonzera kuderera kwehupamhi hwe beam pama frequency akakwira. Kana frequency ikawedzera zvakanyanya, zvinozopedzisira zvaita kuti pave ne grating lobes. Mune phased array, grating lobes ichaitika kana beamforming direction ikadarika kukosha kwakanyanya kwe main beam. Ichi chiitiko chinokonzera zvikanganiso mukupararira kwe main beam. Nokudaro, kuti tidzivise grating lobes, antenna dipoles inofanira kuva nenzvimbo yakakodzera.
Zviremu
Vector yehuremu ivhector yakaoma ine amplitude component inosarudza divi relobe nehupamhi hwedanda guru, nepo chikamu chephase chinosarudza kona yedanda guru nenzvimbo isina chinhu. Zviyero zvephase zve narrowband arrays zvinoshandiswa nephase shifters.
RM-PA7087-43(71-86GHz)
RM-PA1075145-32(10.75-14.5GHz)
Dhizaini Yekugadzira Matanda
MaAntenna anogona kuchinjika kuRF nharaunda nekuchinja pateni yawo yemwaranzi anonzi active phased array antennas. Magadzirirwo eBeamforming anogona kusanganisira Butler matrix, Blass matrix, uye Wullenweber antenna arrays.
Butler Matrix
Butler Matrix inosanganisa bhiriji re90° ne phase shifter kuti iwane chikamu chekufukidza chakafara se360° kana dhizaini ye oscillator uye pateni yekutungamira yakakodzera. Beam rega rega rinogona kushandiswa ne transmitter kana receiver yakatsaurirwa, kana ne transmitter kana receiver imwe chete inodzorwa ne RF switch. Nenzira iyi, Butler Matrix inogona kushandiswa kutungamira beam re denderedzwa array.
Brahs Matrix
Matrix yeBurras inoshandisa mitsetse yekutumira uye macouplers ekutungamira kuti iite kuti beamforming iite nguva yekunonoka pakushanda kwebroadband. Matrix yeBurras inogona kugadzirwa sebroadside beamformer, asi nekuda kwekushandisa resistive terminations, ine kurasikirwa kwakanyanya.
Rudzi rweantenna rweWoollenweber
Woollenweber antenna array idenderedzwa remhando ye "round array" rinoshandiswa pakutsvaga nzira mu "high frequency" band (HF). Rudzi urwu rwe "antenna array" runogona kushandisa zvinhu zviri "omnidirectional" kana kuti "directional elements", uye huwandu hwezvinhu izvi hunowanzova 30 kusvika ku100, izvo chikamu chimwe muzvitatu chazvo chakatsaurirwa kugadzira matanda anotungamira zvakanyanya. Chinhu chimwe nechimwe chakabatana ne "redhiyo" inogona kudzora amplitude weighting ye "antenna array pattern" kuburikidza ne "goniometer" inogona kuskena 360° pasina shanduko muhunhu hwe "antenna pattern". Pamusoro pezvo, "antenna array" inogadzira danda rinobuda kunze kubva ku "antenna array" kuburikidza nekunonoka kwenguva, nokudaro zvichiita kuti broadband ishande.
Kuti udzidze zvakawanda nezve antenna, ndapota shanyira:
Nguva yekutumira: Chikumi-07-2024
