Kureba kwekutaurirana kunogona kuwanikwa nesystem yekutaurirana isina waya kunoenderana nezvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana zvakaita semidziyo yakasiyana-siyana inoumba system uye nharaunda yekutaurirana. Hukama huripo pakati pavo hunogona kuratidzwa ne equation inotevera yekureba kwekutaurirana.
Kana simba rekutumira remudziyo unotumira wesisitimu yekutaurirana riri PT, kuwedzera kweantenna yekutumira kuri GT, uye kureba kwewavelength iri λ. Kunzwa kwemugamuchiri wemudziyo unogamuchira kuri PR, kuwedzera kweantenna yekugamuchira kuri GR, uye daro riri pakati peantenna dzinogamuchira nedzinotumira riri R, mukati medaro rekuona uye munzvimbo isina kupindira kwemagetsi, hukama hunotevera huripo:
PT(dBm)-PR(dBm)+GT(dBi)+GR(dBi)=20log4pr(m)/l(m)+Lc(dB)+ L0(dB) Mufomura iyi, Lc ndiyo feeder insertion loss ye base station transmitting antenna; L0 ndiyo radio wave loss panguva yekuparadzira.
Pakugadzira sisitimu, panofanira kusiiwa mukana wakakwana wechinhu chekupedzisira, kurasikirwa kwekupararira kwemafungu eredhiyo L0.
Kazhinji, muganho we10 kusvika 15 dB unodiwa kana uchipfuura nemumasango nezvivakwa zvehurumende; muganho we30 kusvika 35 dB unodiwa kana uchipfuura nemuzvivakwa zvekongiri yakasimbiswa.
Kune 800MH, 900ZMHz CDMA uye GSM frequency bands, zvinofungidzirwa kuti chiyero chekugamuchira nharembozha chingangoita -104dBm, uye chiratidzo chaicho chinogamuchirwa chinofanira kunge chakakwira ne10dB kuti chive nechokwadi chekuti signal-to-noise ratio inodiwa. Kutaura zvazviri, kuti kutaurirana kurambe kwakanaka, simba rinogamuchirwa rinowanzo verengerwa se -70 dBm. Fungidzira kuti base station ine zvinotevera:
Simba rekutumira iPT = 20W = 43dBm; simba rekugamuchira iPR = -70dBm;
Kurasikirwa kwemuchina wekudyara i2.4dB (inenge 60m yekudyara)
Kuwana antenna pafoni kunosvika GR = 1.5dBi;
Kureba kwehurefu hwemafungu λ = 33.333cm (yakaenzana nefrequency f0 = 900MHz);
Equation yekutaurirana iri pamusoro apa ichava:
43dBm-(-70dBm)+ GT(dBi)+1.5dBi=32dB+ 20logr(m) dB +2.4dB + kurasikirwa kwekupararira L0
114.5dB+ GT(dBi) -34.4dB = 20logr(m)+ kurasikirwa kwekupararira L0
80.1dB+ GT(dBi) = 20logr(m)+ kurasikirwa kwekupararira L0
Kana kukosha kuri kuruboshwe rwefomura iri pamusoro kwakakura kupfuura kukosha kuri kurudyi, ndiko kuti:
GT(dBi) > 20logr(m)-80.1dB+kurasikirwa nekupararira L0. Kana kusaenzana kwacho kwaramba kuripo, zvinogona kutariswa kuti sisitimu inogona kuchengetedza kutaurirana kwakanaka.
Kana chiteshi chepasi chichishandisa antenna inotumira zvinhu nenzira imwe chete ine GT=11dBi uye daro riri pakati peantenna dzinotumira zvinhu nedzinogamuchira riri R=1000m, equation yekutaurirana inozova 11dB>60-80.1dB+propagation loss L0, kureva kuti, kana propagation loss L0<31.1dB, kutaurirana kwakanaka kunogona kuchengetedzwa mukati me1 km.
Pasi pemamiriro akafanana ekurasikirwa nekupararira seari pamusoro apa, kana antenna inotumira ikawedzera GT = 17dBi, kureva kuti, kuwedzera kwe6dBi, daro rekutaurirana rinogona kupetwa kaviri, kureva kuti, r = 2 kilometers. Mamwe anogona kuderedzwa nenzira imwecheteyo. Zvisinei, zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti antenna yechiteshi chepasi ine GT inowedzera ye17dBi inogona kungova nefeni ine denderedzwa re30°, 65° kana 90°, nezvimwewo, uye haigone kuchengetedza denderedzwa remumativi ese.
Pamusoro pezvo, kana kuwedzerwa kwe antenna inotumira GT=11dBi kukaramba kusina kuchinja mukuverengwa kuri pamusoro apa, asi nzvimbo yekupararira ichichinja, kurasikirwa kwekupararira L0=31.1dB-20dB=11.1dB, ipapo kurasikirwa kwekupararira kwe20dB kunoderedza kuchawedzera daro rekutaurirana kagumi, kureva kuti, r=makiromita gumi. Nguva yekurasikirwa kwekupararira inoenderana nenzvimbo yemagetsi yakapoteredza. Mumaguta, kune zvivakwa zvakawanda zvepamusoro uye kurasikirwa kwekupararira kwakakura. Munzvimbo dzekumaruwa dziri mumaguta, dzimba dzemapurazi dzakaderera uye hadzina kuwanda, uye kurasikirwa kwekupararira kudiki. Naizvozvo, kunyangwe kana marongero ehurongwa hwekutaurirana akafanana chaizvo, huwandu hwekuvhara hunoshanda huchasiyana nekuda kwekusiyana kwenzvimbo yekushandisa.
Saka, pakusarudza maantenna anotenderera, anotungamira uye mafomu eantenna ane gain yakakwira kana yakaderera, zvakakosha kufunga nezvekushandisa maantenna ebase station emhando dzakasiyana uye zvirevo zvichienderana nemamiriro chaiwo enetwork yekutaurirana kwenharembozha nenzvimbo yekushandisa.
Kuti udzidze zvakawanda nezve antenna, ndapota shanyira:
Nguva yekutumira: Chikunguru-25-2025
