Nekuwedzera kukurumbira kwemidziyo isina waya, masevhisi edata akapinda munguva itsva yekukurumidza kusimudzira, inozivikanwawo sekukura kunoputika kwemasevhisi edata. Parizvino, nhamba huru yezvikumbiro zviri kufamba zvishoma nezvishoma kubva kumakombiyuta kuenda kune zvigadzirwa zvisina waya zvakadai senharembozha zviri nyore kutakura uye kushanda munguva chaiyo, asi mamiriro ezvinhu aya akakonzerawo kukurumidza kukurumidza kwekutengesa data uye kushayikwa kwezvinhu zvebhanwidth. . Zvinoenderana nenhamba, chiyero che data pamusika chinogona kusvika kuGbps kana kunyange Tbps mumakore gumi kusvika gumi nemashanu anotevera. Parizvino, kutaurirana kweTHz kwasvika padanho reGbps data, nepo Tbps data rate ichiri mumatanho ekutanga ebudiriro. Pepa rine hukama rinoratidza kufambira mberi muGbps data rates zvichibva paTHz bhendi uye inofanotaura kuti Tbps inogona kuwanikwa kuburikidza nepolarization multiplexing. Naizvozvo, kuwedzera chiyero chekufambisa data, mhinduro inogoneka ndeyekugadzira nyowani frequency bhendi, inova terahertz bhendi, iri mu "nzvimbo isina chinhu" pakati pe microwave uye infrared light. PaITU World Radiocommunication Conference (WRC-19) muna 2019, iyo frequency renji ye275-450GHz yakashandiswa kune yakatarwa uye yepasi nharembozha. Zvinogona kuoneka kuti terahertz isina waya yekutaurirana masisitimu yakakwezva kutarisisa kwevaongorori vazhinji.
Terahertz electromagnetic waves inowanzotsanangurwa se frequency bhendi ye 0.1-10THz (1THz=1012Hz) ine wavelength ye0.03-3 mm. Zvinoenderana nechiyero cheIEEE, masaisai eterahertz anotsanangurwa se 0.3-10THz. Mufananidzo 1 unoratidza kuti terahertz frequency bhendi iri pakati pemamicrowave uye infrared light.
Fig. 1 Schematic diagram yeTHz frequency band.
Kuvandudzwa kweTerahertz Antennas
Kunyangwe tsvakiridzo yeterahertz yakatanga muzana ramakore re19, haina kudzidzwa sendima yakazvimirira panguva iyoyo. Tsvagiridzo ye terahertz radiation yainyanya kutariswa kune kure-infrared bhendi. Yakanga isiri kusvika pakati-kusvika-kupera kwezana ramakore rechi20 apo vaongorori vakatanga kusimudzira mamirimita wave tsvagiridzo kubhendi reterahertz uye kuitisa nyanzvi yekutsvaga tekinoroji yeterahertz.
Mumakore ekuma1980, kubuda kweiyo terahertz mwaranzi masosi kwakaita kuti kushandiswa kwemafungu eterahertz muzvirongwa zvinoshanda zvinogoneka. Kubva muzana ramakore rechi21, tekinoroji yekutaurirana isina waya yakasimukira nekukurumidza, uye kudiwa kwevanhu kweruzivo uye kuwedzera kwemidziyo yekutaurirana kwakaisa mberi zvinoomesesa zvinodikanwa padanho rekufambiswa kwedata rekutaurirana. Nokudaro, imwe yezvinetso zve teknolojia yekukurukurirana mune ramangwana ndeyekushanda pamwero wepamusoro we data yegigabits pasekondi mune imwe nzvimbo. Pasi pekuvandudzwa kwehupfumi huripo, zviwanikwa zve spectrum zvawedzera kushomeka. Zvisinei, zvinodiwa nevanhu pakukwanisa kutaurirana nekukasika hazviperi. Kune dambudziko rekusangana kwe spectrum, makambani mazhinji anoshandisa tekinoroji yakawanda-inopinza akawanda-yakabuda (MIMO) tekinoroji yekuvandudza spectrum kunyatsoshanda uye kugona kwehurongwa kuburikidza ne spatial multiplexing. Nekufambira mberi kwe5G network, iyo data yekubatanidza data yemushandisi wega wega ichapfuura Gbps, uye iyo data traffic yezviteshi zvepasi ichawedzerawo zvakanyanya. Kune echinyakare millimeter wave kutaurirana masisitimu, microwave zvinongedzo hazvigone kubata aya makuru data hova. Uye zvakare, nekuda kwekupesvedzera kwemutsara wekuona, kureba kwekufambisa kwekutaurirana infrared ipfupi uye nzvimbo yemidziyo yayo yekutaurirana yakagadziriswa. Naizvozvo, masaisai eTHz, ari pakati pemicrowaves uye infrared, anogona kushandiswa kuvaka masisitimu ekukurumidzira ekutaurirana uye kuwedzera mazinga ekufambisa data nekushandisa THz link.
Mafungu eTerahertz anogona kupa bandwidth yakakura yekukurukurirana, uye frequency yayo inokwana ka1000 iyo yenharembozha. Naizvozvo, kushandisa THz kuvaka ultra-high-speed wireless communication systems ndiyo inovimbisa mhinduro kune dambudziko repamusoro data data, iyo yakakwezva kufarira kwezvikwata zvakawanda zvekutsvakurudza uye maindasitiri. MunaGunyana 2017, yekutanga THz isina waya yekutaurirana standard IEEE 802.15.3d-2017 yakaburitswa, iyo inotsanangura point-to-point data exchange mune yakaderera THz frequency renji ye252-325 GHz. Iyo imwe nzira yemuviri layer (PHY) yeiyi link inogona kuwana data mazinga anosvika zana Gbps pane akasiyana bandwidths.
Yekutanga yakabudirira THz yekutaurirana system ye0.12 THz yakavambwa muna 2004, uye THz yekutaurirana system ye0.3 THz yakazadzikiswa muna 2013. Tafura 1 inoronga kufambira mberi kwetsvakiridzo ye terahertz masisitimu ekutaurirana muJapan kubva 2004 kusvika 2013.
Tafura 1 Kufambira mberi kwekutsvagisa kweterahertz masisitimu ekutaurirana muJapan kubva 2004 kusvika 2013
Chimiro cheantenna yehurongwa hwekutaurirana hwakagadzirwa mu2004 yakatsanangurwa zvakadzama neNippon Telegraph uye Telephone Corporation (NTT) muna 2005. Kugadziriswa kweantenna kwakaunzwa mumatambudziko maviri, sezvakaratidzwa mumufananidzo 2.
Mufananidzo 2 Schematic diagram yeJapan NTT 120 GHz wireless communication system
Iyo sisitimu inosanganisa photoelectric kutendeuka uye antenna uye inotora maviri ekushanda modes:
1. Munzvimbo yepedyo yemukati, iyo planar antenna transmitter inoshandiswa mukati meimba inosanganisira imwe-line carrier photodiode (UTC-PD) chip, planar slot antenna uye silicon lens, sezvinoratidzwa mumufananidzo 2 (a).
2. Munzvimbo yakareba yekunze yekunze, kuitira kuti uvandudze pesvedzero yekurasikirwa kukuru kwekutapurirana uye kuderera kwekunzwa kwe detector, iyo transmitter antenna inofanirwa kuwana yakakwira. Iyo iripo terahertz antenna inoshandisa Gaussian optical lens ine pfuma inodarika makumi mashanu dBi. Iyo nyanga yekudyisa uye dielectric lens musanganiswa inoratidzwa muMufananidzo 2 (b).
Mukuwedzera pakugadzira 0.12 THz nzira yekukurukurirana, NTT yakagadzirawo 0.3THz hurongwa hwekutaurirana muna 2012. Kuburikidza nekugadzirisa kunoramba kuripo, chiyero chekutumira chinogona kunge chakakwirira se100Gbps. Sezvinoonekwa kubva paTafura 1, yakaita mupiro mukuru mukuvandudzwa kwekutaurirana kweterahertz. Nekudaro, iro razvino basa rekutsvagisa rine zvakaipira zveakaderera kushanda frequency, hukuru hukuru uye mutengo wakakwira.
Mazhinji eiyo terahertz antenna anoshandiswa parizvino akagadziridzwa kubva kumirimita wave antennas, uye kune kushoma kuvandudzwa muterahertz antennas. Naizvozvo, kuti uvandudze mashandiro eterahertz masisitimu ekutaurirana, basa rakakosha nderekukwenenzvera terahertz antennas. Tafura 2 inonyora kufambira mberi kwekutsvagisa kweGerman THz kutaurirana. Mufananidzo 3 (a) inoratidza mumiriri THz isina waya yekutaurirana system inosanganisa mafotonic uye zvemagetsi. Mufananidzo 3 (b) unoratidza mhepo yemhepo yekuyedza chiitiko. Tichitarisa kubva kune yazvino mamiriro ekutsvagisa muGermany, kutsvagisa kwayo nekusimudzira zvakare kune zvayakaipira senge yakaderera kushanda frequency, kudhura kwakanyanya uye kuderera kwekuita.
Tafura 2 Kufambira mberi kwekutsvagisa kweTHz kutaurirana muGermany
Mufananidzo 3 Wind tunnel test scene
Iyo CSIRO ICT Center yakatangawo tsvagiridzo paTHz yemukati isina waya yekutaurirana masisitimu. Nzvimbo yacho yakadzidza hukama huri pakati pegore uye nguva yekukurukurirana, sezvinoratidzwa mumufananidzo 4. Sezvinogona kuonekwa kubva kuMufananidzo 4, ne2020, tsvakurudzo yehutano husina waya inotarisana neTHz band. Kunyanya kufambiswa kwekutaura uchishandisa radio spectrum inowedzera zvakapetwa kagumi pamakore makumi maviri ega ega. Nzvimbo iyi yaita kurudziro pane zvinodikanwa zveTHz antennas uye akakurudzira echinyakare antennas senyanga nemalenzi eTHz masisitimu ekutaurirana. Sezvinoratidzwa muMufananidzo 5, maantenna maviri enyanga anoshanda pa 0.84THz uye 1.7THz zvakateerana, aine chimiro chakareruka uye kuita kwakanaka kweGaussian beam.
Mufananidzo 4 Hukama pakati pegore uye kuwanda
RM-BDHA818-20A
RM-DCPHA105145-20
Mufananidzo 5 Mhando mbiri dzenyanga antennas
United States yakaita tsvakiridzo yakadzama pamusoro pekuburitsa nekuonekwa kwemafungu eterahertz. Nzvimbo dzakakurumbira dzekutsvagisa terahertz dzinosanganisira Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), Stanford Linear Accelerator Center (SLAC), US National Laboratory (LLNL), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), National Science Foundation (NSF), nezvimwe. New terahertz antennas ekushandisa terahertz akagadzirwa, senge bowtie antennas uye frequency beam steering antennas. Zvinoenderana nekuvandudzwa kwe terahertz antennas, isu tinogona kuwana matatu ekutanga dhizaini mazano eterahertz antenna parizvino, sezvakaratidzwa mumufananidzo 6.
Mufananidzo 6 Mazano matatu ekutanga ekugadzira eterahertz antenna
Ongororo iri pamusoro inoratidza kuti kunyangwe nyika zhinji dzakateerera zvakanyanya kune terahertz antennas, ichiri mudanho rekutanga rekuongorora nekusimudzira. Nekuda kwekurasikirwa kwakanyanya kwekupararira uye kunyudzwa kwemamorekuru, THz antennas anowanzo kuganhurirwa nekutapurirana chinhambwe uye kufukidzwa. Zvimwe zvidzidzo zvinotarisa pane yakaderera kushanda frequency muTHz bhendi. Tsvagiridzo iripo yeterahertz antenna inonyanya kutarisisa mukuvandudza pfuma kuburikidza nekushandisa dielectric lens antennas, nezvimwewo, uye nekuvandudza kugona kutaurirana nekushandisa algorithms akakodzera. Uye zvakare, maitiro ekuvandudza kugona kwe terahertz antenna kurongedza inyaya yekukurumidzira zvakare.
General THz antennas
Kune akawanda marudzi eTHz antennas anowanikwa: dipole antennas ane conical cavities, kona yekuratidzira arrays, bowtie dipoles, dielectric lens planar antennas, mafotoconductive antennas ekugadzira THz source radiation sources, nyanga antennas, THz antennas zvichienderana negraphene zvinhu, nezvimwe. zvinhu zvinoshandiswa kugadzira THz antennas, anogona kunge akakwana yakakamurwa kuita simbi antennas (kunyanya nyanga antennas), dielectric antennas (lens antennas), uye itsva zvinhu antennas. Ichi chikamu chinotanga kupa ongororo yekutanga yeantennas aya, uyezve muchikamu chinotevera, mashanu akajairika THz antenna anounzwa zvakadzama uye nekuongororwa zvakadzama.
1. Metal antennas
Iyo nyanga antenna yakajairika simbi antenna iyo yakagadzirirwa kushanda muTHz bhendi. Iyo antenna yemhando yepamusoro millimeter wave inogamuchira irunyanga rweconical. Corrugated uye dual-mode antennas ane akawanda mabhenefiti, anosanganisira anotenderera symmetric radiation mapatani, kukwirisa kwemakumi maviri kusvika makumi matatu dBi uye yakaderera-yepakati-polarization level ye -30 dB, uye kugona kwekubatanidza kwe97% kusvika 98%. Iwo aripo bandwidths maviri enyanga antennas ari 30% -40% uye 6% -8%, zvichiteerana.
Sezvo kuwanda kwemafungu eterahertz kwakakwira zvakanyanya, saizi yenyanga antenna idiki kwazvo, izvo zvinoita kuti kugadzirisa kwenyanga kuome zvakanyanya, kunyanya mukugadzirwa kweantenna arrays, uye kuoma kwehunyanzvi hwekugadzira kunotungamira kumutengo wakawandisa uye. kugadzirwa zvishoma. Nekuda kwekuoma mukugadzira pasi peiyo yakaoma nyanga dhizaini, iri nyore nyanga antenna muchimiro checonical kana conical nyanga inowanzo shandiswa, iyo inogona kuderedza mutengo uye kuomarara kwekuita, uye kuita kwemwaranzi yeantenna kunogona kuchengetedzwa. zvakanaka.
Imwe antenna yesimbi inofamba wave piramidhi antenna, iyo ine inofambiswa wave antenna yakabatanidzwa pane 1.2 micron dielectric firimu uye yakaturikwa muhurefu hurefu hwakaiswa pasilicon wafer, sezvakaratidzwa muFigure 7. Iyi antenna inzvimbo yakavhurika iyo iri inoenderana neSchottky diodes. Nekuda kwechimiro chayo chakareruka uye yakaderera kugadzira zvinodiwa, inogona kazhinji kushandiswa mumabhendi efrequency pamusoro pe0.6 THz. Nekudaro, iyo sidelobe level uye cross-polarization level yeantenna yakakwira, pamwe nekuda kwekushama kwayo. Nokudaro, kushanda kwayo kwekubatanidza kwakaderera (anenge 50%).
Mufananidzo 7 Kufamba wave pyramidal antenna
2. Dielectric antenna
Iyo dielectric antenna musanganiswa we dielectric substrate uye antenna radiator. Kuburikidza nedhizaini chaiyo, iyo dielectric antenna inogona kuwana impedance inoenderana ne detector, uye ine zvakanakira maitiro akareruka, kusanganisa nyore, uye mutengo wakaderera. Mumakore achangopfuura, vaongorori vakagadzira akati wandei nhete uye Broadband side-fire antennas anogona kuenderana neakaderera-impedance detectors eterahertz dielectric antennas: butterfly antenna, kaviri U-shaped antenna, log-periodic antenna, uye log-periodic sinusoidal antenna, se inoratidzwa muMufananidzo 8. Mukuwedzera, yakaoma antenna geometries inogona kugadzirwa kuburikidza nemajini algorithms.
Mufananidzo 8 Mhando ina dze planar antenna
Nekudaro, sezvo iyo dielectric antenna yakasanganiswa ne dielectric substrate, iyo yepamusoro wave maitiro ichaitika kana frequency ichienda kune THz bhendi. Uku kukanganisa kunouraya kuchaita kuti antenna irasikirwe nesimba rakawanda panguva yekushanda uye zvichitungamira kudzikiswa kwakanyanya mukuita kwemwaranzi yeantenna. Sezvinoratidzwa mumufananidzo 9, kana antenna radiation angle yakakura kupfuura cutoff angle, simba rayo rinovharirwa mudielectric substrate uye rakasanganiswa neiyo substrate mode.
Mufananidzo 9 Antenna surface wave effect
Sezvo kukora kweiyo substrate kunowedzera, nhamba yemhando yepamusoro-soro inowedzera, uye kubatana pakati peantenna ne substrate kunowedzera, zvichikonzera kurasikirwa kwesimba. Kuti uderedze iyo surface wave effect, pane matatu optimization zvirongwa:
1) Rodha lens pane antenna kuti uwedzere kuwana kuburikidza nekushandisa bhenji hunhu hwemagetsi emagetsi.
2) Deredza ukobvu hweiyo substrate kudzvanya chizvarwa chepamusoro-odha modhi yemafungu emagetsi.
3) Tsiva iyo substrate dielectric zvinhu ne electromagnetic band gap (EBG). Iyo spatial kusefa maitiro eEBG anogona kudzvanya yakakwira-odha modhi.
3. New material antennas
Pamusoro peantenna maviri ari pamusoro, kune zvakare terahertz antenna yakagadzirwa nezvinhu zvitsva. Somuenzaniso, muna 2006, Jin Hao et al. akakurudzira kabhoni nanotube dipole antenna. Sezvinoratidzwa muFigure 10 (a), dipole rakagadzirwa nekabhoni nanotubes pachinzvimbo chesimbi zvinhu. Akanyatso dzidza infrared uye optical zvimiro zvekabhoni nanotube dipole antenna uye akakurukura hunhu hweinogumira-kureba kabhoni nanotube dipole antenna, senge impedance yekupinza, kugovera ikozvino, kuwana, kugona uye nemwaranzi maitiro. Mufananidzo 10 (b) inoratidza hukama pakati peiyo impedance yekupinza uye frequency yecarbon nanotube dipole antenna. Sezvinoonekwa muMufananidzo 10(b), chikamu chekufungidzira cheiyo impedance yekupinza ine mazero akawanda pamatunhu akakwirira. Izvi zvinoratidza kuti antenna inogona kuwana akawanda resonances pama frequency akasiyana. Zviripachena, iyo kabhoni nanotube antenna inoratidza resonance mukati meimwe frequency renji (yakaderera THz ma frequency), asi haikwanise zvachose kunzwika kunze kweiyi chiyero.
Mufananidzo 10 (a) Kabhoni nanotube dipole antenna. (b) Input impedance-frequency curve
Muna 2012, Samir F. Mahmoud naAyed R. AlAjmi vakaronga imwe terahertz antenna chimiro chakavakirwa pacarbon nanotubes, iyo ine bundle recarbon nanotubes rakaputirwa muzvikamu zviviri zvedielectric. Iyo yemukati dielectric layer ndeye dielectric foam layer, uye yekunze dielectric layer ndeye metamaterial layer. Iyo chaiyo dhizaini inoratidzwa muMufananidzo 11. Kuburikidza nekuyedza, iyo radiation performance yeantenna yakagadziridzwa kana ichienzaniswa ne-single-walled kabhoni nanotubes.
Mufananidzo 11 Nyowani terahertz antenna yakavakirwa pane kabhoni nanotubes
Iwo matsva ezvinyorwa terahertz antennas akakurudzirwa pamusoro anonyanya kuita matatu-dimensional. Kuti uvandudze bandwidth yeantenna uye kugadzira conformal antennas, planar graphene antennas yakagamuchira kutariswa kwakapararira. Graphene ine yakanakisa inosimba inoenderera kudzora maitiro uye inogona kugadzira pamusoro plasma nekugadzirisa iyo bias voltage. Surface plasma iripo pane iyo interface pakati peiyo yakanaka dielectric inogara substrates (yakadai seSi, SiO2, nezvimwewo) uye yakaipa dielectric inongogara substrates (senge simbi dzinokosha, graphene, nezvimwewo). Kune nhamba huru ye "maerekitironi emahara" mumakondukita akadai sesimbi dzinokosha uye graphene. Aya maerekitironi emahara anonziwo maplasma. Nekuda kweiyo inherent inogoneka munda mune conductor, aya maplasmas ari munzvimbo yakagadzikana uye haana kukanganiswa nenyika yekunze. Kana chiitiko cheelectromagnetic wave simba chabatanidzwa kune aya maplasmas, maplasmas anotsauka kubva pakudzikama uye kuzunguzika. Mushure mekushandura, iyo electromagnetic modhi inoumba inochinjika magineti wave pane iyo interface. Zvinoenderana netsanangudzo yehukama hwekupararira kwesimbi pamusoro peplasma neiyo Drude modhi, simbi haigone kusangana nemafungu emagetsi munzvimbo yemahara uye kushandura simba. Izvo zvinodikanwa kushandisa zvimwe zvinhu kufadza pamusoro pemafungu eplasma. Surface plasma mafungu anoora nekukurumidza munzira yakafanana yesimbi-substrate interface. Kana iyo simbi conductor ichiita mukutungamira perpendicular kumusoro, ganda rinoitika. Zviripachena, nekuda kwehukuru hudiki hweantenna, kune ganda rinoita muyepamusoro frequency bhendi, izvo zvinoita kuti kuita kweantenna kudonhe zvakanyanya uye haigone kusangana nezvinodiwa zveterahertz antennas. Iyo yepamusoro plasmon yegraphene haina kungoita yakakwirira kusunga simba uye kurasikirwa kwakaderera, asi zvakare inotsigira kuenderera mberi kwekugadzirisa magetsi. Uye zvakare, graphene ine yakaoma conductivity mubhandi reterahertz. Naizvozvo, kunonoka kupararira kwemafungu kune hukama neiyo plasma modhi pa terahertz frequency. Aya maitiro anoratidza zvizere kugona kwegraphene kutsiva simbi zvinhu mu terahertz bhendi.
Zvichienderana nehunhu hwepolarization hwegraphene pamusoro plasmons, Mufananidzo 12 unoratidza rudzi rutsva rwe strip antenna, uye inopa chimiro chebhendi chemaitiro ekuparadzira emafungu eplasma mugraphene. Dhizaini yeinobatika antenna bhendi inopa nzira nyowani yekudzidza hunhu hwekuparadzira hwezvinhu zvitsva zveterahertz antennas.
Mufananidzo 12 New strip antenna
Pamusoro pekuongorora yuniti nyowani zvinhu terahertz antenna zvinhu, graphene nanopatch terahertz antennas inogona zvakare kugadzirwa semitsetse yekuvaka terahertz yakawanda-inopinza yakawanda-yakabuda antenna yekutaurirana masisitimu. Chimiro cheantenna chinoratidzwa muMufananidzo 13. Kubva pane zvakasiyana-siyana zvegraphene nanopatch antennas, zvinhu zveantenna zvine micron-scale dimensions. Kemikari vapor deposition inogadzira zvakananga akasiyana mifananidzo yegraphene pane yakatetepa nickel layer uye inoaendesa kune chero substrate. Nekusarudza nhamba yakakodzera yezvikamu uye kushandura iyo electrostatic bias voltage, iyo radiation kutungamira inogona kushandurwa zvinobudirira, ichiita kuti sisitimu igadziriswe zvakare.
Mufananidzo 13 Graphene nanopatch terahertz antenna array
Tsvakurudzo yezvinyorwa zvitsva igwara idzva. Iko kuvandudzwa kwezvinhu zvinotarisirwa kupaza nepakati pezvipimo zvemaantenna echinyakare uye kugadzira akasiyana antenna matsva, senge reconfigurable metamaterials, maviri-dimensional (2D) zvinhu, nezvimwewo. zvinhu uye kufambira mberi kwehunyanzvi hwekuita. Chero zvazvingava, kuvandudzwa kwema terahertz antennas kunoda zvinhu zvitsva, chaiyo yekugadzirisa tekinoroji uye novel dhizaini zvimiro kusangana nemhindu yepamusoro, mutengo wakaderera uye wakafara bandwidth zvinodiwa zveterahertz antennas.
Izvi zvinotevera zvinounza misimboti yemhando nhatu dzeterahertz antennas: simbi antennas, dielectric antennas uye nyowani zvinhu antennas, uye inoongorora mutsauko wadzo uye zvakanakira uye zvazvakaipira.
1. Metal antenna: Iyo geometry iri nyore, iri nyore kugadzirisa, ine mutengo wakaderera, uye yakaderera zvinodiwa zve substrate zvinhu. Nekudaro, simbi antennas anoshandisa mechanical nzira kugadzirisa nzvimbo yeantenna, iyo inowanzoitika kune zvikanganiso. Kana kugadziriswa kusina kunaka, kushanda kweantenna kuchaderedzwa zvikuru. Kunyangwe iyo antenna yesimbi iri diki muhukuru, zvakaoma kuungana neplanear circuit.
2. Dielectric antenna: Iyo dielectric antenna ine yakaderera yekupinza impedance, iri nyore kuenderana neine yakaderera impedance detector, uye iri nyore kubatanidza ne planar circuit. Maumbirwo ejometri edielectric antennas anosanganisira shavishavi chimiro, kaviri U chimiro, akajairwa logarithmic chimiro uye logarithmic periodic sine chimiro. Nekudaro, dielectric antennas zvakare ine chinouraya chikanganiso, chinova chepamusoro wave maitiro akakonzerwa neiyo gobvu substrate. Mhinduro ndeyekurodha lens uye kutsiva iyo dielectric substrate ine EBG chimiro. Mhinduro dziri mbiri dzinoda kuvandudzwa uye kuenderera mberi kwekuvandudza tekinoroji uye zvigadzirwa, asi kuita kwavo kwakanaka (senge omnidirectionality uye kudzvanywa kwepasi wave) kunogona kupa mazano matsva ekutsvagisa kweterahertz antennas.
3. Antennas matsva: Parizvino, antenna matsva akagadzirwa nekabhoni nanotubes uye mitsva yeantenna maumbirwo akagadzirwa nemetamaterials aoneka. Zvishandiso zvitsva zvinogona kuunza mabudiro matsva ekuita, asi chimiro ndechekuvandudzwa kwesainzi yemidziyo. Parizvino, tsvagiridzo yeantenna nyowani ichiri munhanho yekuongorora, uye akawanda akakosha matekinoroji haana kukura zvakakwana.
Muchidimbu, marudzi akasiyana eterahertz antenna anogona kusarudzwa zvinoenderana nezvinodiwa zvekugadzira:
1) Kana dhizaini yakapusa uye mutengo wakaderera wekugadzira uchidikanwa, simbi antennas inogona kusarudzwa.
2) Kana kubatanidzwa kwepamusoro uye kuderera kwekuisa impedance kuchidikanwa, dielectric antennas inogona kusarudzwa.
3) Kana kubudirira mukuita kuchidiwa, antennas matsva anogona kusarudzwa.
Izvo zvataurwa pamusoro apa zvinogonawo kugadziriswa maererano nezvinodiwa chaizvo. Semuenzaniso, mhando mbiri dzeantenna dzinogona kusanganiswa kuti dziwane mamwe mabhenefiti, asi nzira yegungano uye tekinoroji yedhizaini inofanirwa kusangana nezvinodiwa zvakanyanya.
Kuti udzidze zvakawanda nezve antennas, ndapota shanya:
Nguva yekutumira: Aug-02-2024
