Microwave antennas anoshandura masiginecha emagetsi kuita mafungu emagetsi (uye zvinopesana) achishandisa zvimiro zveengineered. Kushanda kwavo kunoenderana nemisimboti mitatu yakakosha:
1. Electromagnetic Wave Shanduko
Transmit Mode:
RF masiginecha kubva kune inotapurirana rwendo kuburikidza neantenna yekubatanidza mhando (semuenzaniso, SMA, N-mhando) kuenda kunzvimbo yekudyisa. Iyo antenna's conductive elements (nyanga/dipoles) inoumba masaisai kuita matanda akananga.
Receive Mode:
Chiitiko EM mafungu anokonzera mafungu muantenna, anoshandurwa kudzokera kumasaini emagetsi kune anogamuchira.
2. Directivity & Radiation Control
Antenna Directivity inoverengera kutarisa kwebeam. Iyo yakakwira-directivity antenna (semuenzaniso, nyanga) inoisa simba mune yakamanikana lobes, inotongwa ne:
Kutungamira (dBi) ≈ 10 log₁₀(4πA/λ²)
Iko A = nzvimbo yekuvhura, λ = wavelength.
Zvigadzirwa zve Microwave antenna senge parabolic dishes zvinowana> 30 dBi directivity yesatellite link.
3. Zvikamu Zvinokosha & Mabasa Azvo
| Chikamu | Basa | Muenzaniso |
|---|---|---|
| Radiating Element | Inoshandura magetsi-EM simba | Chigamba, dipole, slot |
| Feed Network | Inotungamira masaisai nekurasikirwa kushoma | Waveguide, microstrip mutsara |
| Passive Components | Wedzera kutendeseka kwechiratidzo | Phase shifters, polarizers |
| Connectors | Interface ine mitsara yekutumira | 2.92mm (40GHz), 7/16 (High Pwr) |
4. Frequency-Specific Design
<6 GHz: Microstrip antennas inotonga kune compact size.
> 18 GHz: Waveguide nyanga dzinonyanya kuderera-kurasikirwa kuita.
Chinokosha Chinhu: Impedance inofananidzwa pane antenna zvinongedzo inodzivirira kuratidzwa (VSWR <1.5).
Real-World Applications:
5G Massive MIMO: Microstrip arrays ane passive zvikamu zvedanda rekufambisa.
Radar Systems: Yakakwira- yakanangana neantenna inova nechokwadi chekutarisa kwakaringana chinangwa.
Satellite Comms: Parabolic reflectors inowana 99% aperture kunyatsoshanda.
Mhedziso: Microwave antennas anovimba neelectromagnetic resonance, chaiyo antenna yekubatanidza mhando, uye yakagadziridzwa antenna yakananga kufambisa/kugamuchira masaini. Yepamberi microwave antenna zvigadzirwa zvinosanganisa passive zvikamu kuderedza kurasikirwa uye kuwedzera huwandu.
Kuti udzidze zvakawanda nezve antennas, ndapota shanya:
Nguva yekutumira: Aug-15-2025
