Maumbirwo ekanyanga ye microstripKazhinji kacho ine substrate ine dielectric, radiator ne ground plate. Ukobvu hwe dielectric substrate hudiki zvikuru pane wavelength. Layer yesimbi yakatetepa iri pasi pe substrate yakabatana ne ground plate. Kumberi, layer yesimbi yakatetepa ine chimiro chakati inogadzirwa kuburikidza ne photolithography process se radiator. Chimiro che radiating plate chinogona kuchinjwa nenzira dzakawanda zvichienderana nezvinodiwa.
Kukura kwetekinoroji yekubatanidza ma microwave uye maitiro matsva ekugadzira zvakasimudzira kugadzirwa kwema microstrip antennas. Kana tichienzanisa nema microstrip antennas echinyakare, microstrip antennas hadzisi diki chete, dzakareruka muhuremu, dzisina chimiro, dziri nyore kuenderana, dziri nyore kubatanidza, dzakaderera mumutengo, uye dzakakodzera kugadzirwa kwakawanda, asiwo dzine zvakanakira zvemhando dzakasiyana dzemagetsi.
Nzira ina huru dzekudyisa microstrip antennas ndeidzi dzinotevera:
1. (Microstrip Feed): Iyi ndeimwe yenzira dzinonyanya kushandiswa pakudyisa maantena e microstrip. Chiratidzo cheRF chinotumirwa kuchikamu chinopenya cheantena kuburikidza nemutsetse we microstrip, kazhinji kuburikidza nekubatanidza pakati pemutsetse we microstrip nepatch inopenya. Nzira iyi iri nyore uye inochinjika uye yakakodzera kugadzirwa kwemaantena akawanda e microstrip.
2. (Aperture-coupled Feed): Nzira iyi inoshandisa mipata kana maburi ari pa microstrip antenna base plate kuti ipe microstrip line mu radiating element ye antenna. Nzira iyi inogona kupa zvirinani impedance matching uye radiation efficiency, uye inogonawo kuderedza hupamhi hwe side lobes hwakatarwa uye hwakamira.
3. (Proximity Coupled Feed): Nzira iyi inoshandisa oscillator kana chinhu chinobatsira chiri pedyo ne microstrip line kuti ipinde mu antenna. Inogona kupa kuenderana kwakanyanya kwe impedance uye frequency band yakafara, uye yakakodzera kugadzirwa kwe wide-band antennas.
4. (Coaxial Feed): Nzira iyi inoshandisa waya dze coplanar kana tambo dze coaxial kuisa masaini eRF muchikamu chinopenya che antenna. Nzira iyi inowanzo kupa kuenderana kwakanaka kwe impedance uye kushanda zvakanaka kwemwaranzi, uye inonyanya kukodzera mamiriro ezvinhu apo antenna interface imwe chete inodiwa.
Nzira dzakasiyana dzekudyisa dzichakanganisa kuenderana kweimpedance, hunhu hwefrequency, kushanda zvakanaka kwemwaranzi uye kurongeka kwe antenna.
Maitiro ekusarudza nzvimbo yekudyisa ye coaxial ye microstrip antenna
Pakugadzira antenna ye microstrip, kusarudza nzvimbo ye coaxial feed point kwakakosha pakuona kuti antenna inoshanda sei. Heano mamwe maitiro anokurudzirwa ekusarudza coaxial feed points dze microstrip antennas:
1. Kuenzana: Edza kusarudza nzvimbo yekudyisa yecoaxial iri pakati pe antenna ye microstrip kuti uchengetedze kuenzana kwe antenna. Izvi zvinobatsira kuvandudza kushanda zvakanaka kwemwaranzi ye antenna uye kuenderana kwe impedance.
2. Apo munda wemagetsi uri mukuru: Nzvimbo yekudyisa ye coaxial inonyanya kusarudzwa panzvimbo iyo munda wemagetsi we microstrip antenna uri mukuru, izvo zvinogona kuvandudza kushanda kwekudya uye kuderedza kurasikirwa.
3. Kana simba remagetsi riri guru: Nzvimbo yekudyisa ye coaxial inogona kusarudzwa pedyo nenzvimbo iyo simba remagetsi re microstrip antenna riri guru kuti iwane simba remwaranzi rakawanda uye kushanda zvakanaka.
4. Zero electric field point mu single mode: Mukugadzirwa kwe microstrip antenna, kana uchida kuwana single mode radiation, coaxial feed point inowanzo sarudzwa pa zero electric field point mu single mode kuti uwane impedance matching uye radiation iri nani.
5. Kuongorora mafungu emvura (frequency) uye mafungu emvura (waveform): Shandisa maturusi ekufananidzira kuti uite mafambiro emvura (frequency sweep) uye kuongorora magetsi (electrical field/current distribution analysis) kuti uone nzvimbo yakakodzera ye coaxial feed point.
6. Funga nezvekwakanangana nemwaranzi: Kana hunhu hwemwaranzi hune gwara rakati hwaidiwa, nzvimbo yenzvimbo yekudyisa yecoaxial inogona kusarudzwa zvichienderana nekwakanangana nemwaranzi kuti uwane mashandiro anodiwa emwaranzi yeantenna.
Mukugadzirwa chaiko, zvinowanzo dikanwa kusanganisa nzira dziri pamusoro uye kuona nzvimbo yakakodzera ye coaxial feed point kuburikidza nekuongorora simulation uye mhedzisiro chaiyo yekuyera kuti uwane zvinodiwa zvekugadzira uye zviratidzo zvekushanda kwe microstrip antenna. Panguva imwe chete, mhando dzakasiyana dze microstrip antennas (dzakadai se patch antennas, helical antennas, nezvimwewo) dzinogona kunge dziine zvimwe zvinhu zvakakosha pakusarudza nzvimbo ye coaxial feed point, izvo zvinoda ongororo chaiyo uye kugadzirisa zvichienderana nerudzi rwe antenna chaiyo uye mamiriro ekushandisa.
Musiyano uripo pakati pe microstrip antenna ne patch antenna
Antena yeMicrostrip neantena yepatch iantenna mbiri diki dzakajairika. Dzine misiyano uye hunhu:
1. Maumbirwo uye marongerwo:
- Antena ye microstrip inowanzova ne microstrip patch ne ground plate. Microstrip patch inoshanda sechinhu chinopenya uye yakabatana ne ground plate kuburikidza ne microstrip tambo.
- Maantenna epatch anowanzo kuve ma conductor patches anonyorwa zvakananga pane dielectric substrate uye haadi mitsetse ye microstrip senge ma antenna e microstrip.
2. Saizi uye chimiro:
- Ma antenna e microstrip madiki muhukuru, anowanzo shandiswa muma microwave frequency bands, uye ane dhizaini inochinjika zviri nyore.
- Maantenna epatch anogonawo kugadzirwa kuti aite madiki, uye mune dzimwe nguva, saizi dzawo dzinogona kunge dziri diki.
3. Rudzi rwemafrequency:
- Ma frequency e microstrip antennas anogona kubva pamazana e megahertz kusvika kune akati wandei gigahertz, ane mamwe maitiro e broadband.
- Ma antenna epatch anowanzoita zviri nani muma frequency bands chaiwo uye anowanzo shandiswa muma frequency application chaiwo.
4. Maitiro ekugadzira:
- Ma antenna e microstrip anowanzo gadzirwa uchishandisa tekinoroji ye circuit board yakadhindwa, iyo inogona kugadzirwa nevanhu vakawanda uye ine mutengo wakaderera.
- Maantenna epatch anowanzo gadzirwa nezvinhu zvakagadzirwa nesilicon kana zvimwe zvinhu zvakakosha, ane zvinodiwa pakugadzirisa, uye akakodzera kugadzirwa kwebatch diki.
5. Hunhu hwepolarization:
- Ma antenna e microstrip anogona kugadzirwa kuti akwanise kupatsanura mutsetse kana kuti kupatsanura denderedzwa, zvichivapa mukana wekuchinja-chinja.
- Hunhu hwe polarization yema patch antennas hunowanzoenderana nechimiro uye marongerwo e antenna uye hahuchinjiki se microstrip antennas.
Kazhinji, ma antenna e microstrip ne patch antennas akasiyana muchimiro, huwandu hwema frequency, uye maitiro ekugadzira. Kusarudza mhando ye antenna yakakodzera kunofanirwa kuenderana nezvinodiwa zvekushandisa uye kufunga nezve dhizaini.
Zvinokurudzirwa zvezvigadzirwa zveMicrostrip antenna:
RM-MPA1725-9（1.7-2.5GHz）
RM-MPA2225-9（2.2-2.5GHz）
RM-MA25527-22 （25.5-27GHz)
RM-MA424435-22(4.25-4.35GHz)
Nguva yekutumira: Kubvumbi-19-2024
