mufananidzo 1
1. Kushanda zvakanaka kwedanda
Chimwe chinhu chinowanzoonekwa pakuongorora kunaka kwemaantenna ekutumira nekugamuchira ibasa remwenje. Kune antenna ine lobe huru iri munzira ye z-axis sezvakaratidzwa muMufananidzo 1, basa remwenje (BE) rinotsanangurwa se:
Ndiwo mwero wesimba rinotumirwa kana kugamuchirwa mukati mekona yekoni θ1 kune simba rose rinotumirwa kana kugamuchirwa neantenna. Fomura iri pamusoro inogona kunyorwa seizvi:
Kana kona iyo point yekutanga ye zero kana kukosha kudiki kunoratidzwa ikasarudzwa se θ1, kushanda zvakanaka kwe beam kunomiririra chiyero chesimba riri mu lobe huru kune simba rese. Mumashandisirwo akadai se metrology, astronomy, uye radar, antenna inofanirwa kuve nekushanda zvakanaka kwe beam kwakanyanya. Kazhinji inopfuura 90% inodiwa, uye simba rinogamuchirwa ne side lobe rinofanira kunge diki sezvinobvira.
2. Bandwidth
Bandwidth yeantenna inotsanangurwa se "frequency range iyo mashandiro emamwe maitiro eantenna anosangana nezvinodiwa zvakananga". Bandwidth inogona kutariswa sefrequency range kumativi ese e centre frequency (kazhinji zvichireva resonant frequency) uko maitiro eantenna (akadai se input impedance, directional pattern, beamwidth, polarization, sidelobe level, gain, beam pointing, radiation efficiency) ari mukati mehuwandu hunogamuchirwa mushure mekuenzanisa kukosha kwe centre frequency.
Kune maantenna ebroadband, bandwidth inowanzo ratidzwa sechiyero chemafrequencies epamusoro neakaderera ekushanda kunogamuchirwa. Semuenzaniso, bandwidth ye10:1 zvinoreva kuti frequency yepamusoro inopetwa kagumi pane frequency yakaderera.
Kune maantenna ane bhandi rakamanikana, bandwidth inoratidzwa sechikamu chemusiyano wefrequency nehukuru hwepakati. Semuenzaniso, bandwidth ye5% zvinoreva kuti huwandu hwefrequency hunogamuchirwa i5% yefrequency yepakati.
Nekuti hunhu hweantenna (input impedance, directional pattern, gain, polarization, nezvimwewo) hunosiyana zvichienderana nefrequency, hunhu hwebandwidth hahusi hwakasiyana. Kazhinji shanduko mu directional pattern uye input impedance dzakasiyana. Nokudaro, directional pattern bandwidth uye impedance bandwidth zvinodiwa kusimbisa musiyano uyu. directional pattern bandwidth ine chekuita ne gain, sidelobe level, beamwidth, polarization uye beam direction, nepo input impedance uye radiation efficiency zvine chekuita ne impedance bandwidth. Bandwidth inowanzo taurwa maererano ne beamwidth, sidelobe levels, uye pattern characteristics.
Kukurukurirana kuri pamusoro apa kunofunga kuti zviyero zve network yekubatanidza (transformer, counterpoise, nezvimwewo) uye/kana antenna hazvichinje chero nzira sezvo frequency ichichinja. Kana zviyero zvakakosha zve antenna uye/kana network yekubatanidza zvikagadziriswa nemazvo sezvo frequency ichichinja, bandwidth ye antenna ine narrowband inogona kuwedzerwa. Kunyange zvazvo iri risiri basa riri nyore kazhinji, kune maapplications apo rinogoneka. Muenzaniso unowanzoonekwa i antenna yeredhiyo muredhiyo yemotokari, iyo inowanzova nehurefu hunogadziriswa hunogona kushandiswa kugadzirisa antenna kuti igamuchirwe zviri nani.
Kuti udzidze zvakawanda nezve antenna, ndapota shanyira:
Nguva yekutumira: Chikunguru-12-2024
