Ongororo yeAntenna: Ongororo yeFractal Metasurfaces uye Antenna Dhizaini

Pfungwa yefractals yakaunzwa nenyanzvi yemasvomhu Benoit B. Mandelbrot kumakore ekuma1970, kunyangwe kwakabva fractal geometry inogona kurondwa kumashure kwekutanga basa remasvomhu akawanda, saCantor (1870), von Koch (1904), Sierpinski (1915). ), Julia (1918), Fatou (1926), uye Richardson (1953).
Benoit B. Mandelbrot akadzidza hukama huri pakati pefractals uye zvisikwa kuburikidza nekuunza marudzi matsva emafractals kuti atevedzere mamwe maitiro akaoma, akadai semiti, makomo, uye mahombekombe egungwa. Akagadzira izwi rekuti "fractal" kubva muchirevo chechiLatin "fractus", zvinoreva "kutyoka" kana "kutsemuka", kureva kuti inoumbwa nezvidimbu zvakatyoka kana zvisina kujairika, kurondedzera zvimiro zvejometri zvisina kurongeka uye zvakatsemuka zvisingagone kurongeka nedzechinyakare Euclidean geometry. Pamusoro pezvo, akagadzira masvomhu modhi uye algorithms ekugadzira uye kudzidza mafractals, izvo zvakaita kuti kusikwa kweiyo yakakurumbira Mandelbrot set, iyo ingangove yakakurumbira uye inotaridzika inonakidza chimiro chefractal ine yakaoma uye isingaperi inodzokorora mapatani (ona Mufananidzo 1d).
Basa raMandelbrot harina kungokanganisa masvomhu chete, asi zvakare rine mashandisirwo muzvikamu zvakasiyana sefizikisi, mifananidzo yemakomputa, biology, economics, uye art. Muchokwadi, nekuda kwekugona kwavo kuenzanisira uye kumiririra zvakaoma uye zvakangofanana zvimiro, mafractals ane akawanda mashandisirwo ekushandisa munzvimbo dzakasiyana siyana. Semuenzaniso, iwo akashandiswa zvakanyanya munzvimbo dzinotevera dzekushandisa, inova ingori mienzaniso mishoma yekushandiswa kwavo kwakakura:
1. Mapikicha ekombuta neanopopayidzwa, achigadzira nzvimbo dzemusikirwo dzechokwadi uye dzinooneka dzinoyevedza, miti, makore, uye maumbirwo;
2. Data compression tekinoroji kuderedza saizi yemafaira edhijitari;
3. Chifananidzo uye chiratidzo chekugadzirisa, kubvisa zvinhu kubva pamifananidzo, kuona maitiro, nekupa maitiro ekugadzirisa mufananidzo uye nzira dzekuvakazve;
4. Biology, inotsanangura kukura kwemiti uye kurongeka kwetsinga muuropi;
5. Antenna theory uye metamatadium, kugadzira compact/multi-band antennas uye innovative metasurfaces.
Parizvino, fractal geometry inoramba ichiwana kushandiswa kutsva uye hunyanzvi mune dzakasiyana sainzi, hunyanzvi uye tekinoroji dzidziso.
Mune tekinoroji yemagetsi (EM) tekinoroji, zvimiro zvefractal zvinobatsira zvakanyanya kune zvikumbiro zvinoda miniaturization, kubva kumaantenna kuenda kune metamatadium uye frequency yakasarudzika nzvimbo (FSS). Kushandisa fractal geometry mune akajairwa antennas anogona kuwedzera iwo emagetsi kureba, nekudaro kuderedza saizi yese yeiyo resonant chimiro. Uye zvakare, iyo yekuzvifananidza yemhando yefractal maumbirwo inoita kuti ive yakanaka yekuziva akawanda-bhendi kana Broadband resonant zvimiro. Iwo echisikigo miniaturization masimba emafractals anonyanya kutaridzika pakugadzira maratidziro, akaganhurwa array antennas, metamaterial absorbers uye metasurfaces kune akasiyana maapplication. Muchokwadi, kushandisa zvidiki-diki zvakarongeka zvinhu zvinogona kuunza zvakati wandei, senge kudzikisira kuwirirana kana kukwanisa kushanda nearrays ane diki kwazvo element spacing, nokudaro kuve nechokwadi chekuita kwakanaka kwekuongorora uye mazinga epamusoro ekugadzikana kwemakona.
Nezvikonzero zvataurwa pamusoro apa, fractal antennas uye metasurfaces inomiririra nzvimbo mbiri dzinonakidza dzekutsvagisa mumunda wemagetsi emagetsi akakwezva kutariswa kwakawanda mumakore achangopfuura. Mafungiro ese ari maviri anopa akasarudzika nzira dzekushandisa nekudzora mafungu emagetsi, ane huwandu hwakasiyana hwemaapplication muwireless kutaurirana, radar masisitimu uye kunzwa. Zvimiro zvavo zvakada kufanana zvinovatendera kuti vadiki muhukuru vachichengetedza yakanakisa electromagnetic mhinduro. Uku compactness kunonyanya kubatsira munzvimbo-inomanikidzirwa maapplication, senge nharembozha, RFID tag, uye aerospace masisitimu.
Iko kushandiswa kwefractal antennas uye metasurfaces ine mukana wekuvandudza zvakanyanya waya isina waya, imaging, uye radar masisitimu, sezvo ivo vachigonesa compact, yepamusoro-inoshanda michina ine inowedzerwa mashandiro. Pamusoro pezvo, fractal geometry iri kuwedzera kushandiswa mukugadzira microwave sensors yekuongorora zvinhu, nekuda kwekugona kwayo kushanda mumabhendi akawanda e frequency uye kugona kwayo kuita miniaturized. Tsvagiridzo inoenderera mberi munzvimbo idzi inoenderera mberi nekuongorora magadzirirwo matsva, zvigadzirwa, uye matekiniki ekugadzira kuti vaone kugona kwavo kuzere.
Iri bepa rine chinangwa chekuongorora kutsvagisa uye kufambira mberi kwekushandiswa kwefractal antennas uye metasurfaces uye kuenzanisa iripo fractal-based antennas uye metasurfaces, ichiratidza zvakanakira uye zvinogumira. Chekupedzisira, ongororo yakazara yemagadzirirwo emagetsi uye metamaterial mauniti inoratidzwa, uye zvinonetsa uye mune ramangwana magadzirirwo emagetsi emagetsi zvimiro zvinokurukurwa.