1. Nhanganyaya kune Antennas
Antenna inzvimbo yekushandura pakati penzvimbo yemahara uye tambo yekufambisa, sezvakaratidzwa mumufananidzo 1. Mutsetse wekutumira unogona kunge uri muchimiro che coaxial mutsara kana hollow chubhu (waveguide), iyo inoshandiswa kufambisa magetsi emagetsi kubva kune kwakabva. kune antenna, kana kubva kune antenna kuenda kune inogamuchira.Iyo yekutanga ndeye kutumira antenna, uye yekupedzisira ndeye kugamuchiraantenna.
Mufananidzo 1 Electromagnetic simba rekufambisa nzira
Kufambiswa kweiyo antenna sisitimu mune yekufambisa modhi yeFigure 1 inomiririrwa neThevenin yakaenzana sezvakaratidzwa muMufananidzo 2, uko sosi inomiririrwa neyakanakira chiratidzo jenareta, mutsara wekutumira unomiririrwa nemutsara une hunhu impedance Zc, uye iyo antenna inomiririrwa nemutoro ZA [ZA = (RL + Rr) + jXA].Kuremerwa kwemutoro RL inomiririra conduction uye kurasikirwa kwedielectric kwakabatana neiyo antenna chimiro, nepo Rr inomiririra kuramba kwemwaranzi yeantenna, uye reactance XA inoshandiswa kumiririra chikamu chekufungidzira cheiyo impedance yakabatana neantenna radiation.Pasi pemamiriro ezvinhu akanaka, simba rese rinogadzirwa nechiratidzo sosi rinofanirwa kuendeswa kune radiation resistance Rr, iyo inoshandiswa kumiririra kugona kwemwaranzi yeantenna.Nekudaro, mumashandisirwo anoshanda, kune conductor-dielectric kurasikirwa nekuda kwehunhu hwetambo yekutapurirana uye antenna, pamwe nekurasikirwa kunokonzerwa nekuratidzira (kukanganisa) pakati petambo yekutapurirana uye antenna.Tichifunga nezve kupindira kwemukati kweiyo sosi uye kufuratira tambo yekutapurirana uye kuratidza (mismatch) kurasikirwa, iyo yakanyanya simba inopihwa kune antenna pasi pe conjugate matching.
Mufananidzo 2
Nekuda kwekusawirirana pakati petambo yekutapurirana neantenna, iyo inoratidzwa wave kubva kune iyo interface inokwidziridzwa nechiitiko wave kubva kutsime kuenda kune antenna kugadzira wave wakamira, unomiririra simba rekuisa uye kuchengetedza uye chiri chakajairwa resonant mudziyo.Iyo yakajairika yakamira wave pattern inoratidzwa neine dotted line muFigure 2. Kana iyo antenna system isina kugadzirwa zvakanaka, tambo yekutumira inogona kunyanya kuita sechinhu chekuchengetedza simba kwete waveguide uye simba rekufambisa mudziyo.
Iko kurasikirwa kunokonzerwa netambo yekufambisa, antenna uye mafungu akamira hazvidiwi.Kurasikirwa kwemutsara kunogona kuderedzwa nekusarudza mitsara yakaderera-kurasikirwa kwekutapurirana, asi kurasikirwa kweantenna kunogona kuderedzwa nekuderedza kurasikirwa kwekurasikirwa kunomiririrwa neRL mumufananidzo 2. Mafungu akamira anogona kuderedzwa uye kuchengetedza simba mumutsara kunogona kuderedzwa nekufananidza impedance ye iyo antenna (mutoro) ine hunhu impedance yemutsetse.
Mune mawaya masisitimu, pamusoro pekugamuchira kana kufambisa simba, antennas anowanzo kudikanwa kuti uwedzere simba rinopenya mune mamwe maitirwo uye kudzvanyirira simba rinovhenekesa mune mamwe mativi.Naizvozvo, pamusoro pemidziyo yekuona, antennas anofanirwawo kushandiswa semidziyo inotungamira.Antennas anogona kunge ari mumhando dzakasiyana kuti asangane nezvinodiwa chaizvo.Inogona kunge iri waya, aperture, chigamba, chinhu musangano (array), reflector, lens, nezvimwe.
Mune wireless communication systems, antennas chimwe chezvinhu zvakakosha zvikuru.Yakanaka antenna dhizaini inogona kuderedza zvinodikanwa zvehurongwa uye kuvandudza mashandiro ehurongwa hwese.Muenzaniso wekare terevhizheni, uko kugamuchirwa kwenhepfenyuro kunogona kuvandudzwa nekushandisa yakakwirira-inoshanda antennas.Antennas ndeyekutaurirana masisitimu izvo maziso ari kuvanhu.
2. Antenna Classification
Iyo nyanga antenna is planar antenna, microwave antenna ine denderedzwa kana rectangular muchinjiko-chikamu chinovhura zvishoma nezvishoma pakupera kwe waveguide.Ndiyo inonyanya kushandiswa mhando yemicrowave antenna.Nzvimbo yaro yemwaranzi inotariswa nehukuru hwepaburi renyanga uye rudzi rwekuparadzira.Pakati pavo, pesvedzero yerunyanga rwerunyanga pamwaranzi inogona kuverengerwa uchishandisa musimboti we geometric diffraction.Kana kureba kwenyanga kukaramba kusingachinji, saizi yekuvhura uye musiyano we quadratic phase uchawedzera nekuwedzera kwekona yekuvhura nyanga, asi kuwana hakuzoshanduke nekukura kweaperture.Kana iyo frequency band yerunyanga inoda kuwedzerwa, zvinodikanwa kuderedza kuratidzwa pamutsipa uye kuvhura kwerunyanga;iyo fungidziro ichaderera sezvo saizi yeaperture inowedzera.Chimiro chenyanga antenna chiri nyore, uye iyo radiation pateni zvakare iri nyore uye nyore kudzora.Inowanzo shandiswa sepakati kutungamira antenna.Parabolic reflector horn antennas ine wide bandwidth, yakaderera side lobes uye hunyanzvi hwepamusoro zvinowanzo shandiswa mumicrowave relay kutaurirana.
RM-DCPHA105145-20(10.5-14.5GHz)
RM-BDHA1850-20(18-50GHz)
RM-SGHA430-10(1.70-2.60GHz)
2. Microstrip antenna
Chimiro che microstrip antenna inowanzo umbwa ne dielectric substrate, radiator uye pasi ndege.Ukobvu hwe dielectric substrate idiki zvakanyanya pane wavelength.Iyo simbi yakatetepa yakatsetseka pazasi pe substrate yakabatana nendege yepasi, uye simbi yakaonda danda ine chimiro chakananga inogadzirwa kumberi kuburikidza nephotolithography process seradiator.Chimiro che radiator chinogona kuchinjwa nenzira dzakawanda maererano nezvinodiwa.
Kusimuka kweiyo microwave yekubatanidza tekinoroji uye maitiro matsva ekugadzira akasimudzira kuvandudzwa kwema microstrip antenna.Kuenzaniswa neantenna echinyakare, microstrip antennas haisi madiki chete muhukuru, huremu huremu, yakaderera muchimiro, iri nyore kuenderana, asi zvakare iri nyore kubatanidza, yakaderera mumutengo, inokodzera kugadzirwa kwakawanda, uye zvakare ine zvakanakira zvakasiyana-siyana zvemagetsi zvivakwa. .
RM-MA424435-22(4.25-4.35GHz)
RM-MA25527-22(25.5-27GHz)
Iyo waveguide slot antenna is antenna inoshandisa slots mune waveguide chimiro kuwana radiation.Kazhinji inoumbwa nemarata maviri esimbi anoenderana achigadzira waveguide ine mukaha wakatetepa pakati pemahwendefa maviri.Kana masaisai emagetsi achipfuura nepagap rewaveguide, chiitiko chinonzwika chichaitika, nekudaro chichigadzira munda wakasimba wemagetsi padhuze nemukaha wekuwana mwaranzi.Nekuda kwechimiro chayo chakareruka, waveguide slot antenna inokwanisa kuwana Broadband uye yakakwirira-inoshanda mwaranzi, saka inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mu radar, kutaurirana, isina waya sensors uye mamwe minda mune microwave uye millimeter wave mabhendi.Zvakanakira zvaro zvinosanganisira kushanda kwemwaranzi yakakwirira, hunhu hwebroadband uye kugona kwakanaka kwekurwisa-kupindira, saka inofarirwa nemainjiniya nevaongorori.
RM-PA7087-43 (71-86GHz)
RM-PA1075145-32 (10.75-14.5GHz)
RM-SWA910-22(9-10GHz)
Biconical Antenna ndeye Broadband antenna ine biconical chimiro, iyo inoratidzwa nehupamhi frequency mhinduro uye yakanyanya kuwanda nemwaranzi.Iwo maviri conical mativi eiyo biconical antenna ane symmetric kune mumwe nemumwe.Kuburikidza nechimiro ichi, radiation inoshanda mune yakakura frequency bhendi inogona kuwanikwa.Inowanzo shandiswa muminda senge spectrum ongororo, radiation kuyerwa uye EMC (electromagnetic kuenderana) kuyedzwa.Iyo ine yakanaka impedance yekufananidza uye radiation hunhu uye inokodzera maficha ekushandisa anoda kuvhara akawanda ma frequency.
RM-BCA2428-4(24-28GHz)
RM-BCA218-4(2-18GHz)
Spiral antenna ndeye Broadband antenna ine spiral chimiro, iyo inoratidzwa nehupamhi frequency mhinduro uye yakanyanya kuwanda nemwaranzi.Spiral antenna inowana polarization siyana uye yakakura-bhendi radiation maitiro kuburikidza nechimiro chespiral coils, uye inokodzera radar, setiraiti kutaurirana uye isina waya yekutaurirana masisitimu.
RM-PSA0756-3(0.75-6GHz)
RM-PSA218-2R(2-18GHz)
Kuti udzidze zvakawanda nezve antennas, ndapota shanya:
Nguva yekutumira: Jun-14-2024
